绿皮网纹甜瓜在海南三亚的生长结果特性

夏玲 梁昕景 王学林 陈硕 马亚龙 曹明 杨小锋

摘 要：为筛选适合海南三亚地区冬季推广种植的绿皮网纹甜瓜品种，对32个甜瓜品种2018—2019年的植物生育期、田间生长情况、果实品质等进行生物学特性观察和分析比较。结果表明，32个甜瓜品种的果实发育期在48～67 d，均表现为中晚熟;生长势和综合抗病性大多表现为较强和强;大多数品种不裂果，只有3个品种有裂果现象;果肉大多为红色脆肉型，个别品种表现为绿色软肉型;边部可溶性固形物含量（w，后同）在6.4%～14.5%，中心可溶性固形物含量在14.3%～19.8%，中心可溶性固形物含量18%以上的品种有‘金凤凰‘翠蜜‘吉丰蜜1号。综合各种因素考虑，‘翠蜜‘吉丰蜜2号‘吉丰蜜16号‘富友17号和‘欣红密8号等5个品种表现优良，适合在海南三亚地区冬季大棚内种植推广。

关键词：网纹甜瓜;绿皮;海南;品种;品质

中图分类号：S652.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2020）07-071-05

Abstract： In order to select suitable green-peel muskmelon varieties for cultivation in Sanya in winter， 32 muskmelon varieties were used in this research， the plant growth period， field growth and fruit quality were investigated. The results showed that the fruit development period of 32 melon varieties ranged from 48 days to 67 days， all of which were late maturing varieties. Growth vigor was mostly strong and comprehensive disease resistance was strong. Most varieties were found uncleaved fruits， except 3 varieties. Most varieties exhibited red and crisp flesh， the rest ones showed green and soft flesh. The sugar content in the edge ranged from 6.4% to 14.5%， and the central sugar content ranged from 14.3% to 19.8%. The varieties with more than 18% central sugar content were ‘Jinfenghuang ‘Cuimi and ‘Jifengmi 1. Considering all kinds of factors，‘Cuimi‘Jifengmi 2‘Jifengmi 16‘Fuyou 17 and ‘Xinhongmi 8 exhibited good performances， which were suitable for planting and popularizing in winter greenhouses in Sanya， Hainan.

Key words： Muskmelon; Green-peel; Hainan; Varieties; Quality

甜瓜（Cucumis melo L.）属葫芦科甜瓜属蔓性草本植物，可分为薄皮甜瓜和厚皮甜瓜，其中厚皮网纹甜瓜外形美观，品质优良，且较耐贮运，一直深受广大种植户和消费者的欢迎[1-3]。有‘天然温室美称的海南岛由于得天独厚的自然条件成为全国最大的热带作物、水果、冬种北运果蔬和南繁育种等基地[4-6]。在20世纪90年代经过前人的研究使得新疆哈密瓜在三亚试种成功，再加上设施栽培技术的发展，推动了厚皮甜瓜在海南的大面积推廣[7] 。三亚位于海南最南边，冬季气候干燥，降雨量少，阳光充足，是海南厚皮甜瓜的主产区之一[8]。目前海南种植厚皮甜瓜面积最大的品种主要是绿皮网纹甜瓜，如‘西州密25号‘西州密17号‘超墨‘玫珑‘雅典‘长香玉等[9]。……