李愚鹤 张利东 黄洪宇 孔维良 李加旺



摘 要: ‘津优385是以‘QC-17为母本、以‘YL-6-2为父本配制而成的杂种1代黄瓜新品种。该品种植株长势强,株型紧凑,叶片中等大小;早熟,纯雌,持续坐果能力强;瓜长33 cm左右,单瓜质量约220 g,刺瘤均匀,果皮油亮、深绿,瓜把短,果肉淡绿色,口感脆甜,商品性佳。田间表现中抗霜霉病、白粉病、靶斑病;适应性强,耐低温弱光。适宜我国北方地区早春、秋延日光温室和春秋大棚栽培。该品种已申请植物新品种权。
关键词: 黄瓜; 新品种; ‘津优385; 杂种1代; 保护地
中图分类号: S642.2 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1673-2871(2020)07-083-03
Abstract: ‘Jinyou 385 is a new cucumber F1 hybrid, which is bred by crossing ‘QC-17 as female parent and ‘YL-6-2 as male parent. It has strong growth vigor, compact plant type and medium sized leaves. Its an early maturing and gynoecious variety. It has sustainable fruit-setting ability. Its fruit is about 33 cm in length with short carpopodium and moderate prickles. The fruit skin is lustrous with dark green color. The fruit flesh is light green, tastes sweet and crispy. The average fruit weight is about 220g. It has moderate resistant to downy mildew,powdery mildew and target spot, good tolerance to low temperature and weak light. It is suitable for protected cultivation in spring and autumn in northern China.
Key words: Cucumber; ‘Jinyou 385; F1 hybrid; Protected cultivation
1 育种目标
黄瓜以嫩果为食用器官,其肉质鲜嫩,口感爽脆,食用方法多样,深受消费者的喜爱,成为人们餐桌上不可或缺的蔬菜种类之一。黄瓜在我国各地均有种植,据FAO统计,2018年,我国的黄瓜栽培面积为104.6万hm2,总产量达5 629万t。保护地黄瓜由于产量高,效益好,在我国栽培面积逐年扩大,已占黄瓜栽培总面积的47%以上[1-2]。近年来,随着我国对设施农业投入的增加和育苗工厂的发展壮大,保护地黄瓜生产呈现多元化、区域化发展的趋势[3]。根据市场需要,农业科研工作者通过创新黄瓜育种材料,育成了一批性状优良的保护地黄瓜品种[4-5]。但现有品种在瓜条颜色、亮度等商品性上不够理想,仍有高产不高效,丰产不丰收的情况存在。为提升种植效益,满足市场需求,课题组提出了瓜条油亮,抗病、适应性好,丰产稳产的育种目标,选育出保护地黄瓜新品种‘津优385。
2 选育过程
2.1 亲本的来源及特征特性……p>