基于GIS的七里河区常规公交线路及站点研究

金慧 罗钿 周奥

摘 要：随着我国汽车保有量的逐年递增，我国城市交通拥堵现象愈发严重，同时城市大气污染加剧。然而，合理高效的城市公交运行体系可以有效缓解上述问题。所以，合理的设置常规公交线路及站点是现在亟待研究的一项课题。文章以兰州市七里河区11条街区现有公交线路及站点为研究对象，首先通过调研充分掌握七里河区现有公交线路、站点和人口分布等基础数据;其次利用GIS软件绘制公交线路和站点图;接着建立七里河区公交站点布局评价体系，其中选择线路长度、公交站点间距、公交站点覆盖率、公交线网密度和公交线路重复系数为评价指标来评价七里河区公交站点及公交线路布局的合理性;最终根据评价体系中发现的问题优化了七里河区局部公交站点及公交线路布局，建议对21路、24路、H5路、134路线路延长，对瓜州路等部分路段增设站点等。

关键字：常规公交;GIS;评价体系;线路及站点优化

中图分类号：U491.1  文献标识码：B  文章编号：1671-7988（2020）14-234-04

Abatract： With the increasing car ownership in China， urban traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious， and urban air pollution is worsening. However， the reasonable and efficient urban bus operation system can effectively alleviate the abovementioned problems. Therefore， the reasonable setting of regular bus routes and stations is now an urgent research topic. This paper took the existing bus lines and stops in 11 blocks in the Qilihe district of Lan Zhou as the research object. Secondly， the GIS software was used to draw bus route and station map. Thirdly， the evaluation system of bus station layout in Qilihe district was established， where the line length， bus station spacing， bus station coverage， bus line density and bus line repetition coefficient were selected as evaluation indexes to evaluate the rationality of bus station and bus line layout in Qilihe district. Finally， according to the problems found in the evaluation system， this paper optimized the layout of local bus stations and bus routes in Qilihe district， and suggested the extension of route 21， 24， H5 and 134， and the addition of additional stops on some sections of Gua Zhou road.

Keywords： Regular bus; GIS; Evaluation system; The line and stop optimization

CLC NO.： U491.1  Document Code： B  Article ID： 1671-7988（2020）14-234-04

引言

自从1998年9月22日，法国三十多个城市的居民自发地组织了一项活动——不使用私家车出行开始，面对城市生活环境被汽车噪声、尾气污染日渐严重的问题，我国不同城市也陆续提出“绿色出行”“低碳出行”等城市出行理念，这无形中增加了居民使用城市公共交通的频次。

目前，对于公交的研究主要集中在居民出行量预测、公交站点规划、公交场站规划、公交服务水平评价等研究。90年代……