反应器与楼梯间联合基础的计算探讨

倪光 王乐远

摘      要：在石油化工装置中，反应器楼梯间为很常见的一种构筑物，反应器与楼梯间的基础常常发生碰撞，为了对其计算方法进行研究，探索简便、有效的计算方法，从以下几个方面进行了讨论：在设计思路上，首先应该判断反应器基础与楼梯间基础是否碰撞，其次则是进行荷载的简化;对于荷载的分配，需要同时考虑垂直力、弯矩和水平剪力，并根据规范对各项内力的分配进行加成;对于计算软件的选用，推荐PKPM与SACD结合使用;对于相关的设计规定及构造要求，文中提出了一些比较重要的且易被忽略的要求;最后，在工程案例中，结合计算软件对实际的操作方法进行了演示，并对设计的注意事项进行了总结。

关  键  词：石油化工;反应器;楼梯间;荷载分配;联合基础

中图分类号：TU 323.5       文献标识码： A       文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）05-0910-04

Abstract： In petrochemical units， reactor staircases are very common special structures. Collision often happens between reactor foundation and staircase foundation. In order to study the calculation and analysis method， and explore the simple and effective calculation method， several problems were discussed as follow： For the design ideas， whether the collision of reactor foundation and staircase foundation happen or not should be judged first， and then simplification of loads should be considered. For distribution of loads， vertical forces， bending moments and horizontal shear forces need to be considered together， and then all internal forces should be distributed and added together in accordance with the code. For the selection of calculating software， PKPM and SCAD were recommended. For the relevant design regulations and construction requirements， several important requirements that are easily ignored were proposed in the article. At last， in the engineering case， with the help of calculation software， practical operation process was demonstrated; matters needing attention in the design were summarized.

Key words： Petrochemical industry; Reactor; Staircase; Load distribution; Combined foundation

在石油化工装置中，反应器楼梯间为很常见的一种构筑物，反应器布置在楼梯间范围内，由于反应器与楼梯间的质量及刚度有差异，因而自振周期也同样有差异，设计中尽量独立考虑，但有时限于装置的场地较小，楼梯间的轴网间距较小，容易发生反应器基础与楼梯间基础的碰撞问题。若反应器基础与楼梯间的基础并没有碰撞，则可各自计算并布置基础;若二者的基础发生碰撞，则需要对二者的基础进行联合布置，此时在联合基础的分析计算中，需要综合考虑反应器及楼梯间传至基础的荷载，并对该联合基础进行计算分析。……