妇科炎性感染中微生物检验的方法及效果研究

黄丽娟

【摘要】 目的：研究婦科炎症感染中微生物检验的方法与效果。方法：选取2018年9月-2019年9月本妇幼保健院检验科接收的120例妇科炎症感染患者，取其阴道侧壁30%面积的分泌物为微生物检验样本，将采用培养法开展微生物检验的60例设为A组，将采用凝集法开展微生物检验的60例设为B组，比较两组患者的检验结果。结果：B组患者的微生物感染阳性检出率为91.67%，A组为81.67%，两组阳性检出率比较，差异无统计学意义（字2=2.596 9，P>0.05）;B组标本培养时间为（1.02±0.10）d，A组为（7.29±0.59）d，B组培养时间与A组相比明显更短，差异有统计学意义（t=74.088 4，P<0.05）。结论：培养法与凝集法用于妇科炎症感染微生物检验中阳性检出率相当，但是凝集法需要的培养时间更少，因此，在实际的临床中建议采用凝集法作为初筛，再由培养法完成最终确诊，以此提高检验的准确率，为患者的后续治疗提供更为及时可靠的数据依据。

【关键词】 妇科炎症感染 微生物检验 凝集法 培养法

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2020.19.031 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2020）19-00-03

Study on Methods and Effects of Microbial Examination in Gynecological Inflammatory Infections/HUANG Lijuan. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research， 2020， 18（19）： -80

[Abstract] Objective： To study the methods and effects of microbiological testing in gynecological inflammation and infection. Method： From September 2018 to September 2019， 120 patients with gynecological inflammation and infection received by the inspection department of our Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected. The secretions of 30% of the vaginal sidewall were taken as the microbiological test samples， and they will be developed by culture method. 60 cases of microbiological examination were set as group A， and 60 cases of microbiological examination using agglutination method were set as group B. The test results of the two groups of patients were compared. Result： The test results showed that the positive rate of microbial infection in group B patients was 91.67% and that in group A was 81.67%， there was no significant difference in the positive detection rate between the two groups （字2=2.596 9， P>0.05）. The culture time of group B specimens was （1.02±0.10） d， the culture time of group A was （7.29±0.59） d， and the microbial culture time of patients in group B was significantly shorter than that in group A， the difference was statistically significant （t=74.088 4， P<0.05）. Conclusion： The culture method and the agglutination method have the same positive detection rate in the gynecological inflammation infection microbiological test， but the agglutination method requires less culture time. Therefore， it is recommended to use the agglutination method as the initial screening in the actual clinical practice，and then the final diagnosis by the culture method to improve the accuracy of the test and provide more timely and reliable data for the subsequent treatment of patients.

[Key words] Gynecological inflammation and infection Microbiological examination Agglutination method Culture method

First-authors address： Jiangmen Maternal and Child Health Hospital， Jiangmen 529000， China

妇科炎症是临床妇科发病率极高的疾病，这类疾病的发生与发展与患者自身身体素质、生活习惯、饮食习惯、卫生及夫妻生活等多种因素均有着密切的关系，加上环境污染与工作压力等其他因素的影响，近年来我国妇科感染疾病的发病正呈现逐年上升的趋势，对广大妇女的身体健康与生活质量带来了严重的危害，病情严重者甚至可能会危及患者的生命安全，因此，采取科学、有效的微生物感染检验方法，及时准确找出妇科炎症感染患者的致病因素与病情，为其后续的临床治疗提供有效依据，是提升疾病治疗效果，改善患者预后的关键[1-2]。据有关研究表明，诊断妇科炎症目前比较重要且有效的方法为微生物检测，此次以培育法和凝集法为检测方法，探究微生物检验用于妇科炎性感染中的临床效果，现将详细的研究资料介绍如下。