急性脑血管疾病与心律失常相关性分析

梁金峰 董琦 何浩江 谢国锋 刘武鹏

[摘要] 目的 探讨急性脑血管病与心律失常的相关性。 方法 选取2017年1月至2019年7月我院80例急性脑血管病患者，均接受常规心电图检查，根据心电图结果分析急性脑血管病与心律失常的相关性。 结果 急性脑血管疾病患者中心律失常检出率为75.00%。脑出血心律失常发生率高于脑梗死、蛛网膜下腔出血，丘脑病变心律失常发生率高于基底节病变、脑叶病变、多发性病灶，昏迷、高血压合并昏迷症状出现时心律失常发生率高于高血压、颅内高压症状出现时，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。急性脑血管疾病的类型、部位、症状均与心律失常关系密切，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 急性脑血管病心电图检查中可发现部分患者存在明显心律失常现象，多见于脑出血、丘脑部位病变患者，且发生心律失常后病死率可明显增加，建议临床诊治时应关注患者心律，及时发现病情变化，预测预后。

[关键词] 急性脑血管病;心律失常;相关性;心电图

[中图分类号] R748.3          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）30-0066-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the correlation between acute cerebrovascular disease and arrhythmia. Methods A total of 80 patients with acute cerebrovascular disease treated in our hospital from January 2017 to July 2019 were selected. All patients were given routine ECG examination. The correlation between acute cerebrovascular disease and arrhythmia was analyzed based on the results of ECG. Results The detection rate of arrhythmia in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease was 75.00%. The incidence of arrhythmia in patients with cerebral hemorrhage was higher than those in patients with cerebral infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage. The incidence of arrhythmia in patients with thalamic lesions was higher than those in patients with basal ganglia lesions， lobe lesions， and multiple lesions. The incidence of arrhythmia when coma， hypertension and symptoms of coma appeared was higher than that when symptoms of hypertension and intracranial hypertension appeared， the differences was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The type， location and symptoms of acute cerebrovascular disease were closely related to arrhythmia， the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion ECG examination of acute cerebrovascular disease can find obvious arrhythmia in some patients， which is more common in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and thalamic lesions. The mortality rate may increase significantly after arrhythmia occurs. It is recommended to pay attention to patient's heart rhythm during clinical diagnosis and treatment， to discover changes of disease in time and predict prognosis.

[Key words] Acute cerebrovascular disease; Arrhythmia; Aorrelation; Alectrocardiogram

急性腦血管病是机体脑部血管突然性破裂或堵塞，血液无法进入大脑所致，主要包括脑梗死、脑出血、蛛网膜下腔出血等，致死率、致残率均较高，一般患者会呈现头晕头痛、肢体麻木、吐字不清症状，病情严重时可引起心力衰竭或呼吸紊乱，乃至心肌缺血坏死现象，危及生命[1]。经长期研究发现，急性脑血管病患者心电图监测结果可出现异常，且病情严重程度与心电图异常状况密切相关，已深受临床医护工作者的重视[2]。……