沧东电厂温排水对浮游植物群落的影响

马旺 左丽明 朱琴 刘有才 董悦镭 王火火

摘要 根据前期模拟沧东电厂温排水影响范围，布设6个站位，分别于2020年5、8、11月进行调查取样工作，通过调查取样得出的水温、盐度、电导率、叶绿素a等水文分布特征和硝酸盐、硅酸盐、铵盐、亚硝酸盐等营养盐分布特征，结合影响范围内浮游植物物种组成和多样性指数的季节变化，采用冗余分析方法，得出电厂温排水对浮游植物群落的影响。结果表明，5月份浮游植物群落主要受盐度影响，8月份浮游植物群落主要受硅酸盐和亚硝酸盐影响，11月份浮游植物群落没有显著的环境因子制约;在优势种中，新月菱形藻和丹麦细柱藻与温度呈负相关，菱形藻受盐度影响较大，中肋骨条藻和长海毛藻受亚硝酸盐影响较大。

关键词 温排水;浮游植物群落;优势种;环境因子;冗余分析;沧东电厂

中图分类号 X173  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）24-0093-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.24.021

Influence of Cangdong Power Plant’s Thermal Drainage on Phytoplankton Community

MA Wang，ZUO Li-ming，ZHU Qin et al

（Hebei Province Hydrogelogy Survey Institute， Shijiazhuang，Hebei 050021）

Abstract According to the preliminary simulation of the temperature and drainage impact of Cangdong Power Plant， 6 stations were set up to conduct survey and sampling work in May， August and November 2020 respectively. The hydrological distribution characteristics of water temperature， salinity， conductivity， chlorophyll a and the distribution characteristics of nutrients such as nitrate， silicate， ammonium salt and nitrite obtained through investigation and sampling， combined with the seasonal changes of phytoplankton species composition and diversity index in the affected area，the redundant analysis method was used to obtain the influence of the thermal drainage of the power plant on the phytoplankton community.The results showed that the phytoplankton community in May was mainly affected by salinity， the phytoplankton community in August was mainly affected by silicate and nitrite， and the phytoplankton community in November was not restricted by significant environmental factors.Among the dominant species， Nitzschia closterium and Leptocylindrus danicus had a negative correlation with temperature， Nitzschia spp. was more affected by salinity， and Skeletonema costatum and Thalassiothrix longissima were more affected by nitrite.

Key words Thermal discharge;Phytoplankton community;Dominant species;Environmental factors;Redundancy analysis;Cangdong Power Plant

基金項目 河北省自然资源厅科技项目（454-0503-JBN-XCLS）。

作者简介 马旺（1986—），男，河北石家庄人，工程师，硕士，从事海洋环境与海洋地质学研究。

收稿日期 2021-03-03

浮游植物是海洋生态系统中重要的初级生产者，在海洋生态系统的能量流动、物质循环和食物链传递中起着至关重要的作用[1-2]。电厂温排水的排放会抑制部分狭温性浮游植物的生长甚至导致其死亡，致使具有广温性适应性的藻类快速生长，其竞争者的死亡将使得藻华生物获得更多的资源和生长空间，导致植物群落生物多样性降低，对群落的稳定性产生较大影响[3-6]。……