暗黑鳃金龟化学防治药剂的筛选及复配种衣剂的田间药效

谢明惠 倪皖莉 林璐璐 钟永志 张光玲 苏卫华 陈浩梁

摘要 为筛选高效安全的花生种衣剂，选用7种杀虫剂对暗黑鳃金龟进行室内毒力测定，并在此基础上，复配杀菌剂戊唑醇或吡唑醚菌酯制成种衣剂开展田间防效试验。室内毒力测定结果表明，供试的7种杀虫剂原药中，联苯菊酯、噻虫胺和氯虫苯甲酰胺对7日龄暗黑鳃金龟幼虫的毒力较高，96 h的LC50依次为0.490、12.923和14.705 mg/kg。田间防效结果表明，添加杀菌剂戊唑醇或吡唑醚菌酯复配后处理，出苗率、防治效果、保果效果和增产率均得到进一步的提高，其中以12%联苯菊酯·吡唑醚菌酯和12%联苯菊酯·戊唑醇的综合防效最佳，可作为花生病虫害防治的轮换药剂推广应用。

关键词 暗黑鳃金龟;花生;种衣剂;田间防效

中图分类号 S48  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）24-0168-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.24.040

Selection of Pesticides for the Control of Holotrichia parallela and Field Efficacy of Compound Seed Coating Agents

XIE Ming-hui1， NI Wan-li2， LIN Lu-lu1 et al

（1.Institute of Plant Protection and Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products， Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciencs， Hefei，Anhui 230031;2.Crop Research Institute， Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciencs， Hefei，Anhui 230031）

Abstract In order to screen efficient and safe seed coating agent for peanut， seven insecticides were selected for laboratory toxicity test of Holotrichia parallela. On this basis， the fungicide tebuconazole or pyraclostrobin was mixed into seed coating agents and the field control experiments were carried out. The laboratory toxicity test results showed that among the 7 pesticides tested， bifenthrin， clothianidin and chlorantraniliprole had higher toxicity to 7-day-old larvae of Holotrichia parallela， and the LC50 at 96 hours were 0.490 g， 12.923 and 14.705 mg/kg， respectively. Field experiments showed that the emergence rate， control effect， fruit preservation effect and yield increase rate were further improved after adding the fungicide tebuconazole or pyraclostrobin. Among them， 12% bifenthrin·pyraclostrobin and 12% bifenthrin·tebuconazole had the best comprehensive control effect， and could be used as rotation agents for peanut diseases and pest control.

Key words Holotrichia parallela;Peanut;Seed coating;Field efficacy

基金项目 国家重点研发项目（2018YFD0201009）;安徽省自然科学基金项目（1908085QC137）。

作者简介 谢明惠（1985—），女，安徽淮南人，助理研究员，硕士，从事地下害虫的综合防控研究。通信作者，副研究员，博士，从事地下害虫的防控及相关害虫的抗药性机理研究。

收稿日期 2021-09-06

蛴螬俗称地蚕，是鞘翅目金龟总科（Scarabaeoidea）幼虫的通称，也是我国分布广泛、为害严重的一类地下害虫[1]。蛴螬生活在土壤中，主要取食植物地下部分的根、茎、荚果等，每年因蛴螬造成的损失达20%～40%，严重时甚至绝收[2-3]。暗黑鳃金龟（Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky）是黃淮海地区花生蛴螬的优势种，低龄幼虫取食幼根，造成作物缺苗断垄;高龄幼虫食量增加，为害花生荚果[4-5]。蛴螬的为害具有隐蔽性强、为害期长、高龄幼虫具有暴食性、抗药性等特点，防治难度大[6]。……