何娇 梁巧玲 靳志锋




摘要 采用田间试验的方法,设置4个试验处理:CK(不施肥)、处理①(常规施化肥)、处理②(50%生物有机肥+50%化肥)、处理③(100%生物有机肥),研究生物有机肥配合化肥施用在甜玉米生产上的应用效果。结果表明,处理②的平均产量为12 944.4 kg/hm2,比处理③增产12.6%,比CK增产107.4%,与处理①产量相当;处理②土壤中的全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均比其他处理高,比CK、处理①和处理③分别高35.7%、17.3%、41.4%、28.0%,11.8%、2.3%、14.7%、3.8%和18.8%、7.0%、10.4%、18.0%;处理③土壤中有机质含量最高,比CK、处理①和处理②分别高25.3%、15.9%和7.8%;处理②的甜玉米产量最佳,品质最优,土壤肥力最高。
关键词 甜玉米;生物有机肥;产量;品质;土壤肥力
中图分类号 S141 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)24-0175-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.24.042
Effects of Bio-organic Fertilizer on Yield, Quality and Soil Fertility of Sweet Corn
HE Jiao, LIANG Qiao-ling, JIN Zhi-feng
(Yili Vocational and Technical College, Yining,Xinjiang 835000 )
Abstract The field experiment was conducted to study the application effect of bio-organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer on sweet corn production, including CK (no fertilization), treatment ① (100% chemical fertilizer), treatment ② (50% bio-organic fertilizer and 50% chemical fertilizer), and treatment ③ (100% bio-organic fertilizer). The results showed that the average yield of treatment ② was 12 944.4 kg/hm2, which was 12.6% higher than that of treatment ③ and 107.4% higher than that of CK, and the yield was similar with treatment ①. The total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in treatment ② were higher than those in other treatments, 35.7%,17.3%,41.4%,28.0%higher than CK, 11.8%,2.3%,14.7%,3.8% higher than treatment ① and 18.8%,7.0%,10.4%,18.0% higher than treatment ② respectively. The content of organic matter in treatment ③ was the highest, which was 25.3%, 15.9% and 7.8% higher than CK, treatment ① and treatment ②, respectively. Treatment ② had the best yield, quality and soil fertility.
Key words Sweet corn;Bio-organic fertilizer;Yield;Quality;Soil fertility
基金項目 伊犁职业技术学院科研项目(yzyxm2019012)。
作者简介 何娇(1984—),女,陕西杨凌人,讲师,硕士,从事农业生态的教学与研究。通信作者,教授,从事植物保护研究。
收稿日期 2021-04-08
甜玉米属于禾本科玉米属的一个亚种,又称为蔬菜玉米,因其营养丰富、甜、脆、鲜、嫩而深受广大消费者的青睐。伊宁县是新疆伊犁州甜玉米的种植大县[1]。近年来,高产作物栽培技术的应用、化肥的不合理施用,破坏了当地的土壤结构[2-4],也使得玉米种植区的生态条件更脆弱。腐熟的畜禽粪便施用不仅可以改善肥料使用失衡的现状,改善土壤结构,同时还可以使畜禽粪便达到无害化,保护农业生态环境,促进畜牧业的健康发展[5]。
伊犁河谷是新疆重要的畜产品生产及种畜繁育基地,为伊犁河谷乃至全疆的畜产品和种畜供应作出了重要贡献。随着规模化畜禽养殖业的迅速发展,产生的大量畜禽粪便和污水对周围环境造成了严重的污染。……