张友贤 冯诚 方小宇 李素捷






摘要 为了提高猕猴桃的产量和品质,贵州省修文县山区现代水利项目以及重点县小农水项目等对猕猴桃园实施了各种节水农业技术改造,但由于缺少对猕猴桃的节水型灌水技术、灌溉模式和灌溉制度的集成研究,导致项目在规划、设计和实施等方面缺乏理论依据,对已建猕猴桃节水灌溉工程的合理运行缺乏科学指导。因此,针对当地特殊的地理环境,在旱坡地地形条件下开展猕猴桃地下滴灌需水规律试验研究,在高效节水灌溉、农业种植结构调整、农业水价改革等方面具有广泛的应用前景。
关键词 猕猴桃;灌溉;旱坡地
中图分类号 S275.6 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)24-0206-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.24.050
Study on Water Demand Regulation for Kiwifruit under the Conditions of Underground Drip Irrigation in Dry Slope Land in Guizhou Province
ZHANG You-xian, FENG Cheng, FANG Xiao-yu et al
(Guizhou Institute of Water Conservancy Science, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002)
Abstract In order to improve the yield and quality of kiwifruit, the modern water conservancy project in Xiuwen County of Guizhou Province and the small farmer water projects in key counties implemented various water-saving agricultural technology transformations on kiwifruit orchards. However, due to the lack of the integrated researches on water-saving irrigation technology, irrigation model and irrigation system of kiwifruit, the planning, design and implementation of projects were lack of theoretical basis, and the rational operation of the established water-saving irrigation projects of kiwifruit was lack of scientific guidance. Therefore, according to the local special geographical environment, we conducted the water demand regulation research of kiwifruit under the conditions of dry slope terrain conditions. The research had broad application prospects in high-efficiency water-saving irrigation, agricultural planting structure’s adjustment, and agricultural water price’s reform.
Key words Kiwifruit;Irrigation;Dry slope land
基金項目 贵州省水利厅科技项目(KT201827)。
作者简介 张友贤(1986—),男,贵州兴义人,高级工程师,从事农田水利方面的研究。
收稿日期 2021-04-21
近年来,贵州省猕猴桃产业发展迅速。修文县是贵州省猕猴桃第一大县,种植面积高达1.133万hm2,挂果面积超过0.667万hm2,惠及全县6 000多个种植户,综合产值在30亿元以上[1]。作为贵州省猕猴桃的优生区和主产区,对区域内经济的发展有着重要的影响。猕猴桃不抗旱,也不抗涝,对水分的要求很高,对猕猴桃水分的管理恰当与否直接关系到猕猴桃的产量和品质,严重影响到农户增收问题[2]。因此,当地政府对猕猴桃园配套建设了相应的灌水和排水设施,但由于该地区属于喀斯特山区地貌,地形条件特殊,主要以旱坡地和台地为主,加上对猕猴桃节水型灌溉技术又缺乏理论研究,导致猕猴桃节水灌溉工程在规划、设计、实施和运行缺乏理论依据[3-4]。……