文县小水电站生态流量环境保护探析

杨浩动

摘要：小水电站作为一种清洁能源，是保护环境、有效实现能源发展的重要战略目标。在产生巨大经济效益的同时，也对河流及其下游的生态环境产生了一定的负面影响。文县小水电站主要利用天然水流落差发电，在建设和运营过程中，由于过度追求经济发展，缺乏生态环境保护意识，忽略了相关生态流量，引起下游河段水环境恶化等问题。笔者根据当地小水电站生态流量的必要性，探讨了相关小水电站生态流量环境保护问题，以促进河流生态环境保护的可持续目标的实现。

关键词：小水电站生态流量环境保护措施

中图分类号：TK79文献标识码：A        文章编号：1672-3791（2021）11（c）-0000-00

Abstract： As a clean energy， small hydropower station is an important strategic objective to protect the environment and effectively realize energy development. While producing great economic benefits， it also has a certain negative impact on the ecological environment of the river and its downstream. Small hydropower stations in Wenxian mainly use natural water flow difference for power generation. During construction and operation， due to excessive pursuit of economic development and lack of awareness of ecological environment protection， problems such as deterioration of water environment in downstream reach caused by relevant ecological flow are ignored. According to the necessity of ecological flow of local small hydropower stations， the author discussed the environmental protection of ecological flow of relevant small hydropower stations to promote the realization of sustainable goal of ecological flow protection of rivers.

Key Words： Small hydropower stations;Ecological flow rate;Environmental protection;Measures

生态流.量是维.持河床.基本形.态，保证河.流的输.水能力.，防止河流干涸，保持一.定水体.的自净.能力的.最小流.量，它是维.持河流.持续健.康发展.所必需的基本.生态流.量。水利水电工程的建设可以在满足人们水电需求的基础上发挥防洪价值，对居民生活生产产生重大影响。因此，在水利.水电工.程的规.划设计.和工程.管理运.行中，要充分.考虑河.流中最.基本的.生态基.流量，以维持.河流的.健康生命，防止因.工程的.建设而.导致河.流生态.环境的.恶化。该文将对文縣小水电站的运行现状进行探讨，分析泄放生态流量的必要性，并提出小水电站生态流量的保护措施，希望对相关实践和研究活动带来一定的参考价值。

1  文县小水电站建设运行情况

文县小水电站在建设过程中，利用清洁水资源进行水力发电，目前正常运行的小水电站达到69座，装机容量350MW。……