OB塞结合氧疗在预防急性脊髓炎患者大便失禁所致皮肤损伤中的应用

钱佩珺 苏娟

[摘要] 目的 觀察OB塞在预防急性脊髓炎患者大便失禁所致肛周皮肤损伤中的应用效果。 方法 选择2019年1月至2021年2月因急性脊髓炎致大便失禁的患者59例，将其随机分为对照组（n=30）和观察组（n=29）。对照组采用常规护理方法，观察组采用温水擦洗肛周后待干，将OB塞内置于肛门内;若有肛门周围皮肤发红的情况，则使用5 L/min的氧气吹5 min。观察两组患者肛周皮肤损伤程度、护理满意度及肛周护理工作量情况。 结果 观察组肛周皮肤损伤发生率为10.34%，明显低于对照组的33.33%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.536，P<0.05）。观察组护理总满意度为96.55%，明显高于对照组的80.00%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=3.863，P<0.05）。观察组平均每日肛周护理工作量为（3.79±0.81）次，明显少于对照组的（8.83±1.53）次，差异有统计学意义（t=15.673，P<0.05）。 结论 对急性脊髓炎大便失禁患者应用OB塞结合氧疗的护理方法效果显著，不仅能预防患者肛周皮肤损伤，还能提高患者护理满意度，值得在临床推广应用。

[关键词] OB塞;急性脊髓炎;大便失禁;皮肤护理

[中图分类号] R473          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）36-0180-04

Application of OB plug combined with oxygen therapy in preventing skin damage caused by fecal incontinence in patients with acute myelitis

QIAN Peijun   SU Juan

Department of Neurology，the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University，Hefei   230601，China

[Abstract] Objective To observe the effect of OB plug in preventing perianal skin damage caused by fecal incontinence in patients with acute myelitis. Methods A total of 59 patients with fecal incontinence and acute myelitis from January 2019 to February 2021 were selected. They were randomly divided into the control group（n=30）and the observation group（n=29）. The control group were given conventional care methods，and the observation group were given warm water to scrub the perianal area and then OB plug into the anus，and oxygen therapy was given at 5 L/min for 5 minutes if there was redness of the skin around the anus. The degree of perianal skin damage，care satisfaction and perianal care workload were observed in the two groups. Results The incidence of perianal skin damage in the observation group was 10.34%，which was significantly lower than that of 33.33% in the control group，with statistically significant difference （χ2=4.536，P<0.05）. The total care satisfaction in the observation group was 96.55%，which was significantly higher than that of 80.00% in the control group，with statistically significant difference （χ2=3.863，P<0.05）. The average daily perianal care workload in the observation group was（3.79±0.81）times，which was significantly less than that of（8.83±1.53）times in the control group，with statistically significant difference（t=15.673，P<0.05）. Conclusion OB plug combined with oxygen therapy is effective in patients with acute myelitis and fecal incontinence. It can prevent perianal skin damage and improve care satisfaction in patients. It is worthy of clinical application.

[Key words] OB plug;Acute myelitis;Fecal incontinence;Skin care

急性脊髓炎是指各种自身免疫反应所致的急横断性脊髓炎性改变，又称急性横断性脊髓炎，是临床最常见的一种脊髓炎[1]。急性脊髓炎最常累及的是胸髓，排尿、排便障碍是其最常见的临床表现之一[2-3]。大便失禁是因为人的肛门括约肌失去控制所致，排便时不受个人意志支配，通常排便却不自知[4]。大便失禁是临床护理工作中经常遇到的问题，其会引起肛周皮肤的红肿、湿疹、皮肤溃烂等不同程度的皮肤受损，这无疑会增加临床护理工作量。……