妊娠期生殖道人乳头瘤病毒感染对新生儿的影响

王洪艳

【摘 要】目的：探讨妊娠期生殖道人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染对新生儿的影响。方法：回顾性分析2018年3月到2020年12月86例妊娠期女性的临床资料，根据有无生殖道HPV感染将其分为HPV感染组（n=40）与无感染组（n=46），根据HPV感染分型将HPV感染组分为两个亚组，即低危型HPV感染组（n=18）与高危型HPV感染组（n=22），比较新生儿HPV感染情况及不良结局。结果：低危型HPV感染组与高危型HPV感染组的胎盘、羊水、脐静脉血、口咽或外阴分泌物HPV阳性率比较无统计学意义（P>0.05）。HPV感染组与无感染组新生儿不良结局比较无统计学意义（P>0.05）。高危型HPV感染组的早产发生率明显高于低危型HPV感染组（P<0.05）。结论：妊娠期生殖道HPV感染可导致母婴垂直传播，高危型HPV感染可能更容易引起早产。

【关键词】人乳头瘤病毒；妊娠期；新生儿

Effect of reproductive tract human papillomavirus infection during pregnancy on newborns

Wang Hong-yan

Shandong Feixian maternal and Child Health Hospital， Linyi Shandong 273400， China

【Abstract】Objective： To investigate the effect of reproductive human papillomavirus （HPV） infection during pregnancy on newborns. Methods： The clinical data of 86 pregnant women from March 2018 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into HPV infection group （n=40） and non infection group （n=46） according to the presence or absence of genital HPV infection. According to the classification of HPV infection， the HPV infection group was divided into two subgroups， namely， low-risk HPV infection group （n=18） and high-risk HPV infection group （n=22）， The HPV infection and adverse outcomes of newborns were compared.Results： There was no significant difference in the HPV positive rates of placenta， amniotic fluid， umbilical vein blood， oropharynx or vulvar secretion between low-risk HPV infection group and high-risk HPV infection group （P>0.05）.There was no significant difference in neonatal adverse outcomes between HPV infection group and non infection group（P>0.05）.The incidence of preterm birth in high-risk HPV infection group was significantly higher than that in low-risk HPV infection group（P<0.05）.Conclusions： HPV infection in reproductive tract during pregnancy can lead to vertical transmission between mother and infant， and high-risk HPV infection may be more likely to cause preterm birth.

【Key？Words】Human papillomavirus； Pregnancy； Newborn

人乳頭瘤病毒（HPV）是一种与生殖道疾病密切相关的环状双链DNA病毒，高危型HPV持续感染可引起宫颈、外阴不典型增生及癌变。据报道，每年新诊断的宫颈癌患者中有3%为妊娠期女性，与非妊娠期女性比较，妊娠期女性HPV感染的风险要高出近3倍[1]。妊娠期HPV感染对妊娠结局有无不良影响目前尚存在争议，本研究旨在探讨妊娠期HPV感染对新生儿的影响，具体内容报道如下。

1.1 一般资料

回顾性分析2018年3月至2020年12月86例妊娠期女性的临床资料，年龄22岁～34岁，平均年龄（26.16±1.09）岁，孕次1次～4次，平均孕次（1.94±0.23）次，产次0次～3次，平均孕次（0.94±0.15）次。

纳入标准：（1）单胎妊娠者；（2）无不良孕史；（3）无妊娠期高血压病、妊娠期糖尿病等妊娠期并发症；（4）无明显的心、肝、肾、血液系统等疾病；（5）产前检查自愿行宫颈液基细胞学检查及HPV检查；……