优质高产抗病黄秋葵新品种‘石秋葵2号’的选育

宋聚红 王海山 相丛超 龚俊良 田东良

摘    要： ‘石秋葵2号是采用系统选育方法从‘12-5与‘13-2的杂交后经多代自交培育而成的黄秋葵新品种。石家庄地区4月下旬采用地膜覆盖露地种植，该品种生长整齐一致，植株节间短，平均株高1.67 m，茎粗4.0 cm，节间长3. 0 cm，始花节位5～6节。叶片掌状5裂，绿色，叶面有硬毛，叶柄长36 cm，叶长22 cm，叶宽29 cm。花后4～6 d采摘最佳，嫩果五棱，果翠绿色且富有光泽，萼片不易脱落，果长10～12 cm，果肩1.5～1.7 cm，平均单果质量15.6 g。种子球形，灰绿色至褐色，表面被细毛，千粒重约68 g。生长势旺盛，抗病性强，丰产性好，生育期190 d，分批采摘，平均667 m2产量2 487.0 kg。适宜石家庄地区及生态条件相似的地区种植，2020年9月通过了河北省科技成果转化服务中心成果评价。

关键词： 黄秋葵; 新品种; ‘石秋葵2号; 选育

中图分类号：S649 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1673-2871（2021）01-080-04

Breeding of a new okra variety ‘Shiqiukui No. 2 with high-yield， high quality and disease resistance

SONG Juhong， WANG Haishan， XIANG Congchao， GONG Junliang， TIAN Dongliang

（1. Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences， Shijiazhuang 050021， Hebei， China; 2. Shijiazhuang Shuangyou Agricultural Science and Technology Co. Ltd， Shijiazhuang 050021， Hebei， China）

Abstract： ‘Shiqiukui No. 2 is a new okra variety which is bred from the hybrids F1 of ‘12-5 and ‘13-2 through multiple self-crossing by systematic breeding method. This variety exhibits uniformly growth characteristics with short internodes. The average height is 1.67 m， stem diameter is 4.0 cm， internode length is 3.0 cm， and the first flower is on the 5-6 th node. The leaf is 22 cm in length and 29 cm in width， it is green with bristles on the leaves surface， palmately lobed with 5 lobes， the petiole is 36cm in length. The best harvest time is 4-6 d after flowering. The edible fruit is pentagonal cross-section， and with non-shedding sepals， it is emerald and shiny， 10-12 cm in length， the transverse diameter of fruit is l.5-1.7 cm， the average weight of the fruit is 15.6 g. The seeds are spherical， gray-green to brown， and the surface is covered with fine hairs. The thousand-grain weight is about 68 g. The growth period of this variety is 190 d with vigorous growth， strong disease resistance， high yield. The yield on 667 m? can be reached to 2487.0 kg. It is suitable be cultivated in Shijiazhuang area and areas with similar ecological conditions.

key words： Okra; New Variety ; ‘Shiqiukui No. 2; Breeding

1 育种目标

黄秋葵（Abelmoschus esculentus Linn.），别名秋葵、羊角豆、咖啡黄葵等，为锦葵科秋葵属一年生草本植物[1]。原产于非洲热带地区，现广泛栽培于热带和亚热带地区[2]。中国自20世纪90年代初开始从印度引入黄秋葵，最初国内只有少量栽培[3]。近年来，随着人们消费水平的提高及保健意识的增強，黄秋葵作为一种特色保健蔬菜已越来越受人们青睐[4]。目前，我国南北方各地均有黄秋葵的分布与栽培[5]，国内大面积种植的黄秋葵一般为进口种，只有少量品种为国内筛选及选育[4]。河北省黄秋葵种植面积逐年扩大[6]，生产上的主栽品种多是从我国台湾及日本引入，品种适应性、抗病性不强，且品种单一和退化现象严重。……