永海 包玉珍


摘要 以半农半牧区典型区域内蒙古巴林右旗为研究区,基于农牧户与基层干部的实地访谈第一手资料,对基本农田的建设、扩大以及耕作利用等情况进行了分析。结果发现,因居住位置狭窄或缺少资金导致部分农牧户的基本农田面积小;旱地农田生产仅依靠种植国家补贴性作物维持;因生态移民项目移居导致居住地与农田距离拉远;林地没有补贴;草场与耕地补贴相比差距较大,导致耕地面积扩大;农业面源污染等6个问题,并对基本农田的有效利用与高标准化建设提出了应对策略。
关键词 基本农田;高标准化建设;半农半牧区;巴林右旗
中图分类号 F301.2 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)04-0204-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.04.055
Status Quo and Countermeasures of Basic Farmland Utilization in Semi-agricultural and Semi-pastoral Areas—Taking Balin Right Banner in Inner Mongolia as an Example
YONG Hai, BAO Yu-zhen
(Institute of Pastoral Development, Inner Mongolia Academy of Social Sciences, Hohhot, Inner Mongdia 010010)
Abstract The paper took Balin Right Banner, Inner Mongolia, a typical semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral area, as the object of study, and analyzed the construction, expansion and cultivation of its basic farmland based on first-hand information collected through field interviews with farmers, herdsmen and grassroots leaders. The results showed the following six problems: the basic farmland area of some farmers and herdsmen is too small due to the narrow living location or lack of funds; dry farmland production is maintained only by the cultivation of state-subsidized crops; the living place is far away from the farmland due to the ecological migration project; woodland is not subsidized; the gap between grassland and farmland subsidy is large, resulting in the expansion of cultivated land area; agricultural non-point source is polluted. Based on such problems, the authors put forward some countermeasures about the effective utilization of basic farmland and the high standardized construction.
Key words Basic farmland;High standardized construction;Semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral areas;Balin Right Banner
基金項目 2019年度内蒙古自治区留学人员创新创业启动支持项目“日本农业农村的现状及整治方向对我国乡村振兴战略的启示”。
作者简介 永海(1982—),男,内蒙古赤峰人,助理研究员,博士,从事农村牧区发展研究。
收稿日期 2020-06-11;修回日期 2020-07-08
2019年3月5日,习近平总书记参加十三届全国人大二次会议内蒙古代表团审议时指出,要贯彻新发展理念,统筹好经济发展和生态环境保护建设的关系,努力探索出一条符合战略定位、体现内蒙古特色,以生态优先、绿色发展为导向的高质量发展新路子。要坚持底线思维,以国土空间规划为依据,把城镇、农业、生态空间和生态保护红线、永久基本农田保护红线、城镇开发边界作为调整经济结构、规划产业发展、推进城镇化不可逾越的红线,立足本地资源禀赋特点、体现本地优势和特色。……