小细胞肺癌可视化PDOX肿瘤动物模型免疫表型Ki-67表达的研究进展

吴柳盛 李小强

【摘要】 小细胞肺癌（SCLC）是肺癌所有病理类型中预后最差的一种，患者生存周期极短，死亡率极高。虽然SCLC对化疗药物敏感，临床上抗肿瘤药物治疗成为主流，但有循证医学研究发现在临床中不同的患癌个体之间对抗肿瘤药物的敏感性和耐受性存在着差异，这给临床治疗带来了困难和挑战。因此，人们急需要一种能高度模拟体内肿瘤细胞生长微环境，能与患者进行同步化动态观察抗肿瘤药物应答的理想动物模型。可视化PDOX肿瘤动物模型满足了这些需求，这也是目前国际上最前沿的肿瘤动物模型构建技术，避免了个体差异，为临床治疗提供了个性化思路，同时Ki-67免疫表型表达的监测为早期SCLC的诊断提供了有效帮助。现对最近国内外SCLC可视化PDOX肿瘤动物模型构建技术和免疫表型Ki-67表达监测的研究进展以及该模型对临床上不同个体之间抗肿瘤药物应答差异做全面综述。

【关键词】 小细胞肺癌 可视化PDOX肿瘤动物模型 Ki-67

[Abstract] Small cell lung cancer （SCLC） has the worst prognosis among all pathological types of lung cancer. The survival cycle of patients is very short and the mortality rate is very high. Although SCLC is sensitive to chemotherapy drugs and anti-tumor drug therapy has become the mainstream in clinical practice， evidence-based medicine studies have found that there are differences in the sensitivity and tolerance of anti-tumor drugs among different cancer patients in clinical practice， which brings difficulties and challenges to clinical treatment. Therefore， there is an urgent need for an ideal animal model that can highly simulate the microenvironment of tumor cell growth in vivo and can dynamically observe the response to antitumor drugs in synchronization with patients. Visualized PDOX tumor animal model meets these needs， which is also the most advanced tumor animal model construction technology in the world at present. It avoids individual differences and provides personalized ideas for clinical treatment. Meanwhile， the monitoring of Ki-67 immunophenotype expression provides effective help for the diagnosis of early SCLC. In this paper， the research progress of visualized PDOX tumor animal model construction technology and immunophenotype Ki-67 expression monitoring of SCLC at home and abroad， as well as the clinical differences of anti-tumor drug response among different individuals in this model are comprehensively reviewed.

[Key words] SCLC Visualized PDOX tumor animal model Ki-67

First-author’s address： Peking University Shenzhen Hospital， Shenzhen 518036， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.25.042

小细胞肺癌（small cell lung cancer，SCLC）占全部肺癌的15%～17%[1]，病情恶化快，可迅速出现远处内脏肿瘤转移，生存寿命短，死亡率极高，同时在临床上不同肿瘤患者个体之间存在着抗肿瘤药物的耐受差异，给临床治疗与疗效评估带来了困难。目前，小细胞肺癌发病率居高不下，而临床治疗效果不明确，所以可视化PDOX小细胞肺癌动物模型的构建对于其病因学研究和临床抗肿瘤药物耐受机制研究显得相关重要。实验对象多为免疫缺陷小鼠（裸鼠）典型代表，普通小鼠具有NK细胞和T淋巴细胞等存在免疫排斥，移植效果差。……