丁芳艺 宋海鑫 梁荣 苗晋锋 费荣梅 刘永杰 余祖功 张金秋



摘要: 豬流行性腹泻病毒(Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, PEDV)是严重危害仔猪肠道健康的病原之一。用病毒感染复数(MOI)=1.0的PEDV感染猪小肠上皮细胞,通过间接免疫荧光试验,证实PEDV能在猪小肠上皮细胞中增殖。通过实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测,发现Toll 样受体3(TLR3)编码基因、视黄醇诱导基因 I/黑色素瘤分化相关基因5(RIG-I/MDA5)的mRNA表达水平分别从感染后2 h、4 h开始显著升高(P<0.05),分别在感染后12 h、24 h达到最高值;线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白(MAVS)编码基因的mRNA相对表达量从感染后6 h开始显著升高(P<0.05),随后基本保持不变。下游接头蛋白质β干扰素TIR结构域衔接蛋白质(TRIF)、肿瘤坏死因子相关因子3(TRAF3)、IκB 激酶ε(IKK-ε)和TANK结合激酶1(TBK1)编码基因的mRNA相对表达量在感染后4 h出现显著上升(P<0.05),随后IKK-ε编码基因的mRNA相对表达量在感染后8 h达到最高值,TRIF、TRAF3和TBK1编码基因的mRNA相对表达量均在感染后12 h达到最高值。干扰素调节因子3(IRF3)编码基因的mRNA相对表达量在感染早期无显著变化,在感染后24 h达到最高值(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,PEDV感染无法诱导猪小肠上皮细胞(IPEC-J2)IFN-β编码基因的mRNA相对表达量显著升高,但能有效抑制Poly(I:C)(聚肌胞苷酸)诱导的IFN-β产生。结果表明,PEDV能够在感染早期激活TLRs、RLRs介导的I型IFN产生通路中相关受体及接头蛋白质的基因表达,但最终能抑制干扰素产生,并能在猪小肠上皮细胞中有效增殖。
关键词: 天然免疫;猪流行性腹泻病毒;猪小肠上皮细胞;I型干扰素
中图分类号: S828.7 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-4440(2021)01-0099-07
Effects of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection on IFN-β production pathway in porcine intestinal epithelial cells
DING Fang-yi 1,2,3, SONG Hai-xin 1,2,3, LIANG Rong1,2,3, MIAO Jin-feng2, FEI Rong-mei2, LIU Yong-jie2, YU Zu-gong2, ZHANG Jin-qiu 1,3,4,5
(1.Institute of Veterinary Immunology and Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;2.College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;3.Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety——State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Nanjing 210014, China;4.Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China;5.College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)
Abstract: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is one of the pathogens that seriously endanger the intestinal health of piglets. Porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) were infected with PEDV at a multiplicity of infection MOI of 1.0. Virus proliferation in IPEC-J2 was observed by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Through real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) detection, it was found that the mRNA levels of TLR3 encoding gene and RIG-I/MDA5 significantly increased from 2 hours post infection (hpi) and 4 hpi, respectively (P<0.05), and peaked at 12 hpi and 24 hpi. The relative mRNA expression of mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) coding gene significantly increased at 6 hpi (P<0.05), and then remained unchanged. The mRNA levels of TRIF, TRAF3, IKK-ε and TBK1 coding genes significantly increased from 4 hpi (P<0.05), and then the relative mRNA expression of IKK-ε encoding genes reached the highest level at 8 hpi while TRIF, TRAF3 and TBK1 encoding genes at 24 hpi. The relative mRNA expression of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) encoding gene showed no significant change at the early stage after infection, and reached the highest level at 12 hpi. Compared with control group, there was no significant difference of IFN mRNA expression in IPEC-J2 infected with PEDV. However, PEDV infection could inhibit the production of IFN-β induced by Poly(I:C). The results suggested that PEDV could activate TLRs and RLRs signaling pathway in the early stage after infection, and effectively proliferate in IPEC-J2 by inhibiting IFN-β.
Key words: innate immunity;porcine epidemic diarrhea virus;porcine intestinal epithelial cells;type I interferon
猪流行性腹泻病毒(Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, PEDV)是具有囊膜的单股正链RNA病毒,属于冠状病毒科、α冠状病毒属,是近年来导致新生仔猪急性肠炎及水样腹泻致死的主要病原之一,给养殖业带来了巨大威胁[1]。尤其是2010年以来,随着PEDV新变异株的出现,美洲、欧洲及亚洲的多个国家再次暴发猪流行性腹泻,使养猪业遭受了严重的经济损失[2]。
PEDV基因组全长约为28 kb,含有5′端帽子结构和3′端Poly(A)尾巴,从5′端开始,依次为5′端非翻译区(Untranslated region,UTR)、7个开放阅读框(Open reading frame, ORF)(包括ORF1a、ORF1b、ORF2~ORF6)和3′端UTR[3]。病毒感染细胞后,病毒基因组RNA及其在复制过程中产生的单链RNA(ssRNA)、双链RNA(dsRNA)能够被胞质中的(RIG-I)样受体家族(RIG-I-like receptors,RLRs)或内体中Toll 样受体家族(Toll-like receptors,TLRs)识别,通过视黄醇诱导基因(RIG-I)/黑色素瘤分化相关基因5(MDA5)/线粒体抗病毒信号蛋白质(Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein,MAVS)或/和TLR3/β干扰素TIR结构域衔接蛋白质(TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-β,TRIF)等通路进行信号传递,促进I型IFN及相关促炎细胞因子的产生,发挥细胞的抗病毒功能,这是宿主细胞抵御病毒入侵的第一道防线[2]。
近年来的大量研究发现,PEDV能够通过不同方式抑制I型IFN的产生[4-5],但是具体的分子机制尚未完全明确。……