中空咖啡碳聚酯纤维的结构与性能

张陈恬 赵连英 顾学锋

摘要： 为了研究中空咖啡碳聚酯纤维的可纺性，文章测试并分析中空咖啡碳聚酯纤维的形态结构、红外光谱、热稳定性、拉伸性能、吸湿性、卷曲、比电阻、含油率等，并与咖啡碳聚酯纤维、普通聚酯纤维进行对比。测试结果表明，中空咖啡碳聚酯纤维有着明显的圆形中腔结构，附着细腻的纳米级咖啡碳颗粒，且延续了聚酯纤维优异的耐热性、高强高模、拉伸性能;吸湿性提高了3倍，优化了服用舒适性，热分解后质量残余量减少，是一种具有良好开发应用价值的新型功能性纤维，可为纺纱工艺、织造应用提供借鉴。

关键词： 中空咖啡碳聚酯纤维;聚酯短纤维;拉伸性能;吸湿性;纺纱工艺

Abstract： This study focuses on spinnability of hollow coffee carbon polyester. To this end， tests and analyses of the morphological structure， infrared spectrum， thermal stability， tensile property， hygroscopicity， crimp， specific resistance and oil content of hollow coffee carbon polyester were conducted， and comparison was made between coffee carbon polyester and ordinary polyester fiber. The results show that hollow carbon polyester has an obvious circular lumen， is attached with fine nanoscale coffee carbon particles， and is as excellent as polyester in heat resistance， high strength and high modulus， and tensile properties; its moisture absorption is higher than that of the ordinary one by three times， is superior in wearing comfortableness， and has less mass residue after thermal decomposition. It is a new-type functional fiber of high value of development and application， and provides a reference for spinning process and weaving application.

Key words： hollow coffee carbon polyester; polyester staple fiber; tensile properties; moisture absorption; spinning process

隨着人们生活水平的提高，纺织品的安全与保健愈发受到关注，新型纺织材料的研发与应用层出不穷，以满足人们对纺织品安全舒适、时尚高档、功能多样的新需求。聚酯纤维[1]以耐洗、耐光、耐热、耐虫蛀、高强高模、弹性回复好等优异的物理化学性能已成为产量最高的合成纤维之一，广泛应用于纺织品市场。咖啡碳聚酯纤维[2]是由咖啡渣经高温煅烧、研磨而成的纳米粉体，经特殊工艺加工制成母粒后，与一定含量的聚酯切片共混、纺丝而成，具有抑菌除臭、蓄热保暖、防紫外等多种功能，并且安全、环保、手感舒适，非常适合加工贴身服饰，面市后深受消费者欢迎。相比咖啡碳聚酯纤维，中空咖啡碳聚酯纤维增加了圆形中腔结构，使得纤维更加蓬松、富有良好回弹性和高保暖性[3]，而且比表面积大、质量轻、选择渗透性好、吸附能力强[4]等。……