运动文胸对乳房振幅影响因素的研究

余越云 吴志明

摘要： 为了探究在运动中运动文胸对乳房保护效果的影响因素，文章选择了7款不同背部款式和面料成分的运动文胸，运用OptiTrack运动捕捉系统采集了蹦床运动中6名80B罩杯的年轻女性的乳房各部位的位移数据。运用Matlab软件将乳房上各部位的位移数据转化成相对躯干的位移，并使用SPSS软件进行检验分析，比较运动文胸的保护效果。结果表明：不同背部款式的运动文胸从优至劣为工字形>X字形>Y字形>一片式;前侧带拉链的运动文胸与不带拉链的相比，虽然方便穿脱，但对乳房的保护效果略差;运动文胸面料中的氨纶含量越高，面料弹力越大，在运动时乳房上各部位的位移极差也越大，对乳房的保护效果越弱。

关键词： 运动文胸;运动文胸设计;乳房振幅;相对位移极差;三维运动捕捉;蹦床运动

Abstract： In order to explore the factors influencing the breast protection effect of sports bras in sports， 7 different sports bras with back styles and fabric compositions have been selected in this article， and the OptiTrack motion capture system has been used to collect the displacement data of each part of the breasts of 6 young women with 80B cups during trampoline sports. The displacement data of each part of the breast has been converted into the displacement relative to the torso through Matlab， and the Spss software has been used for inspection and analysis to compare the protective effect of the sports bras. The results have shown that sports bras with different back styles are categorized from good to bad： Ⅰ-shaped>X-shaped>Y-shaped>one piece; sports bras with zippers on the front side are more convenient to put on and take off than those without zippers， but the protective effect is slightly worse; the higher the spandex content in the fabric of sports bra， the greater the elasticity of the fabric， the greater the displacement of each part of the breast during exercise， and the weaker the protective effect on the breasts.

Key words： sports bra; sports bra design; breast movement amplitute; relative displacement differentiation; three-dimensional motion capture; trampoline sports

隨着全民健身意识不断增强，女性运动健身人数日益增长。健身房的蹦床运动，有良好的塑形降脂效果，运动趣味性高，受到越来越多的女性喜爱。随着运动强度增大，乳房晃动加剧，乳房疼痛感也会增加，容易对乳房造成运动损伤。据研究显示，56%的女性表示在慢跑运动中感觉到乳房疼痛[1]，超过72%的专业女运动员表示在运动中会感受到乳房不适[2]。因此，研究运动中乳房的运动规律，科学地设计运动文胸，以增强运动文胸对乳房的保护作用，对于喜欢运动的女性及文胸生产企业有重要意义。

目前研究显示运动速度、不同运动类型和运动环境，以及是否穿着运动文胸对乳房位移均有显著的影响[3-5]。乳房位移随着……