正碰和偏置试验中的Q3损伤对比研究

2021-04-02 12:07:35刘磊何成谢军张斌
时代汽车 2021年4期

刘磊 何成 谢军 张斌

摘 要:针对目前儿童乘员保护不足的问题,本文在某款C级轿车上采用50km/h的正面100%重叠刚性壁障碰撞试验(简称正碰试验)和64km/h的正面40%重叠可变形壁障偏置碰撞试验(简称偏置试验)对比分析Q3儿童的损伤情况。依据C-NCAP 2021版评价规程对2个试验工况中Q3儿童进行评价。2种工况,儿童假人体现的损伤情况均严重。正碰试验中头部、颈部和胸部压缩量的损伤值更大。对胸部累积3ms合成加速度而言,偏置试验得分很低,损伤更大。目前,5点式儿童安全带起不到很好的缓冲吸能的保护效果。车辆开发商可以设计能更好保护儿童乘员的约束系统。

关键词:儿童损伤 Q3儿童 正碰试验 偏置试验

Comparative study of Q3 injury in frontal impact test and offset test

Liu Lei He Cheng Xie Jun Zhang Bin

Abstract:This paper analyzes the injury situation of Q3 child by using 50 km/h frontal 100% overlap rigid barrier impact test (referred to as frontal impact test) and 64 km/h frontal 40% overlap deformable barrier offset test (referred to as offset test) on a C-class car in order to solve the problem of insufficient protection for children. The injury of Q3 child in two test conditions were evaluated according to C-NCAP 2021 assessment procedure. Under the two working conditions, the injury of child dummy is serious. In the frontal impact test, the head, neck and chest compression have greater damage values. For the cumulative 3 ms resultant acceleration of the chest, the offset test score is very low and the injury is greater. At present, the 5-point child safety belt can not play a good buffer energy absorption protection effect. Vehicle developers can design restraint systems that better protect child occupants.

Key words:child injury, Q3 child, front impact test, offset test

1 前言

世界卫生组织2018年报告指出,道路交通死亡人数继续攀升,每年死亡135万人。报告中强调,道路交通伤害如今成为全球5 至14岁儿童“第一大杀手”。在我国,交通事故伤害同样是1-14岁未成年人伤亡的重要死因之一。资料显示,我国每年有超过1.85万名儿童死于交通事故,死亡率是欧洲的2.5倍,美国的2.6倍。[1]

为解决碰撞过程中汽车儿童乘员安全性问题,欧盟、美国和日本等地区和国家针对本国交通事故情况制定了相应的标准和法规,如欧盟的ECE R129和EURO-NCAP;美国的FMVSS 213[2-6]。在很长一段时间里,我国没有针对儿童乘员的汽车碰撞安全法规。中国新车评价规程(C-NCAP)2018版在正面100%重叠刚性壁障碰撞试验中后排右侧放置一个Q3儿童,但不评价儿童的损伤。在C-NCAP 2021版中,增加了儿童的评价,弥补了儿童乘员保护的空白。……

登录APP查看全文