胡承伟 吴玉苗 华志佳 支艳红 杨志



摘 要 目的:了解上海市长征镇社区老年人2014-2019年血脂异常变化情况,为社区有效健康管理提供参考依据。方法:对2014-2019年上海长征镇社区卫生服务中心60岁及以上老年人体检数据进行回顾性分析。结果:2014-2019年上海长征镇社区老年人的血脂异常率为58.88%~72.52%,且呈下降趋势(P<0.001);其中总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-c)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-c)异常率的范围分别为41.90%~58.23%、17.31%~38.28%、31.56%~35.19%、2.71%~19.01%。血脂异常率随年齡呈下降的趋势(P<0.01)。女性TC、TG、LDL-c的异常检出率均明显高于男性,HDL-c的异常检出率明显低于男性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:上海长征镇社区老年人血脂异常的检出率仍然较高,应结合目前开展的家庭医生工作,针对重点人群进行管理和干预。
关键词 血脂异常;老年人;健康体检
中图分类号:R541.4 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2021)06-0048-05
Dynamic analysis of blood lipid status of the elderly in Changzheng Community, Shanghai from 2014 to 2019
HU Chengwei1, WU Yumiao2, HUA Zhijia2, ZHI Yanhong1, YANG Zhi3
(1.General Practice Department of Changzheng Community Health Service Center of Putuo District, Shanghai 200333, China; 2.Administration Office of Changzheng Community Health Service Center of Putuo District, Shanghai 200333, China; 3.Clinical Laboratory of Changzheng Community Health Service Center of Putuo District, Shanghai 200333, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the changes of dyslipidemia among the elderly in Changzheng Community of Shanghai from 2014 to 2019, so as to provide reference for effective community health management. Methods: The physical examination data of the elderly aged 60 and above in Shanghai Changzheng Community Health Service Center from 2014 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: From 2014 to 2019, the prevalence of dyslipidemia was 58.88% - 72.52% in the Changzheng Community, Shanghai, and showed a downward trend(P<0.001); the abnormal rates of total cholesterol(TC), triacylglycerol(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-c), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-c) ranged from 41.90% to 58.23%, from 17.31% to 38.28 %, from 31.56% to 35.19%, from 2.71% to 19.01%, respectively. The dyslipidemia rate showed a downward trend with age(P<0.01). The abnormal detection rates of TC, TG and LDL-C in female were significantly higher than those in male, and the abnormal detection rate of HDL-C in female was significantly lower than that in male(P<0.01). Conclusion: The detection rate of dyslipidemia in the elderly in Changzheng Community of Shanghai is still high, and management and intervention for key populations should be combined with the current work of family doctors.
KEY WORDS dyslipidemia; elderly people; health checkup
*基金项目:上海市普陀区青年英才项目(普委[2017]42)
改革开放以来,我国社会经济有了飞速的发展,人们的生活水平有了极大的提高,饮食结构也发生了改变。血脂异常的发生比例也在逐年增加[1]。有研究显示,血脂异常是动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease,ASCVD)发生和发展中最重要的危险因素之一[2],ASCVD已列我国居民死因顺位的第1位[3]。控制血脂异常有助于降低ASCVD的发病率。本研究旨在了解社区老年人血脂情况的动态变化,为社区健康管理提供科学依据。
1 对象与方法
1.1 对象
以2014-2019年参加上海长征镇社区卫生服务中心老年人体检的60岁及以上老年人群为研究对象,剔除不完整的数据者。
2014-2019年参与体检的人数分别为:2014年7 122人,年龄60~96岁,其中男性3 227人(45.31%),女性3 895人(54.69%);2015年7 841人,年龄60~95岁,其中男性3 604人(45.96%),女性3 877人(54.04%);2016年7 474人,年龄60~98岁,其中男性3 398人(45.46%),女性3 895人(54.54%);2017年7 725人,年龄60~101岁,其中男性3 441人(44.54%),女性4 284人(55.46%);2018年9 229人,年龄60~96岁,其中男性4 061人(44.00%),女性5 168人(56.00%);2019年9 431人,年龄60~100岁,其中男性4 231人(44.86%),女性5 200人(55.14%)。
1.2 检测方法
由居委会干部提前1周给参与体检的老年人发书面通知和注意事项,要求检查前3 d少食荤汤和油腻食物,检查前1 d晚8点后不要进食。……