张璐 金花 窦龙


摘 要 采用《大学生心理健康筛查量表》,整群分层随机抽取某高校2925名大学生的心理测评结果,用spss软件进行数据分析。量表总分和各项因子得分均值差异显著性比较表明:本科生各项因子得分均显著高于研究生;本科阶段各年级之间存在显著差异,大部分因子上的均值得分随年级增长而依次减低;硕博阶段各年级差异不显著。结论:从本科到博士心理健康状况总体呈现向好的发展趋势,大一到硕士一年级持续变好,研究生阶段相对平稳。
关键词 心理健康 问卷调查 年级差异
中图分类号:G444 文献标识码:A DOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdkz.2021.03.066
A Comparative Study of Grade Differences in Mental Health
of College Students
ZHANG Lu, JIN Hua, DOU Long
(Northeast A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100)
Abstract Using the College Students Mental Health Screening Scale, 2925 college students were randomly selected by the whole group, and the data were analyzed by SPSS software. The significant difference between the total score of the scale and the average score of each factor shows that: the scores of each factor of undergraduate are significantly higher than those of graduate students; there are significant differences among all grades in undergraduate stage, and the scores of most factors decrease with the increase of grades in turn; the differences of each grade in master's degree are not significant. Conclusion: from undergraduate to doctoral, the mental health status shows a good trend. From freshman to the first year of master's degree, the mental health status continues to improve, and the graduate stage is relatively stable.
Keywords mental health; questionnaire; grade difference
高校普遍针对新生开展心理普查,摸排了解新生的心理健康状况,关于本科生和研究生新生的心理健康状况对比研究的结论比较一致:研究生新生的心理健康状况普遍比本科新生要好,筛查出的心理问题学生比例较少。[1-2]针对大学高年级学生的心理健康状况测量尚未普及,关于年级差异横断研究为数不多,已有研究存在以下不足:一是研究多针对某个特定群体的某个阶段,缺乏对当前大学从本科到博士不同学段不同年级心理健康状况的系统对比研究;二是部分研究是十年前的数据,其研究结果不一定符合当前学生的状况;三是相关研究结论不甚一致。[3-5]本研究旨在调查和分析大学生心理健康状况的年级差异,为分学段分年级开展心理健康教育工作提供依据。
1 资料与方法
1.1 研究对象
采取整群分层随机抽样方法,抽取陕西某高校在校大学生共计2925份有效的心理测评结果为研究样本,其中:男生1457人(49.81%),女生1468(50.19%)。……