马克思需要理论视域下“五位一体”总体布局的多维解读

孙馨月

摘  要：作为习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要组成部分，“五位一体”总体布局对中国特色社会主义建设事业进行了总体把握和战略部署，不仅创新了社会主义理论体系，而且拓展了社会主义现代化建设视野。从历史唯物主义和辩证唯物主义的角度来看，“五位一体”总体布局可以从立体的、多维的、联系的视角进行解读，深层次地挖掘其深刻的思想意蕴。文章从马克思需要理论的多元性、层次性、需要与生产的辩证关系、个体与社会需要辩证关系等角度对“五位一体”总体布局进行了多维解读，体现出其鲜明的思想性、人民性、生态性、先进性、发展性和科学性，随着“五位一体”总体布局的统筹推进，既满足了人们对美好生活的需要，又能够将社会主义现代化建设事业迈向新境界。

关键词：习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想;马克思需要理论;“五位一体”总体布局;多维解读

中图分类号：G641 文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）02-0177-05

Abstract： As an important part of Xi Jinping's thought on Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era， the overall layout of the "Five-in-one" has made an overall grasp and strategic deployment of the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics， it not only innovates the theory of socialist modernization， but also expands the vision of socialist construction. From the perspective of historical materialism and dialectical materialism， the overall layout of the "Five in one" can be interpreted from three-dimensional， multi-dimensional and connected perspectives， and its profound ideological implications can be deeply explored. This paper gives a multi-dimensional interpretation of the overall layout of the "five in one" from the perspectives of the pluralism， hierarchy， dialectical relationship between needs and production， and dialectical relationship between individual and social needs of Marxism's needs theory. It reflects its distinctive ideological nature， people-oriented nature， ecological nature， advanced nature， developmental nature and scientific nature， along with the overall layout of the "Five in one". It not only meets people's needs for a better life， but also takes the cause of socialist modernization to a new level.

Keywords： Xi Jinping thought on Socialism with Chinese characteristics for a New Era; Marxism's needs theory; Five-in-one Overall Arrangement; multi-dimensional interpretation

“五位一体”总体布局是对我国政治、经济、社会、文化、生态各个领域进行的整体规划，不仅是对马克思需要理论的继承与发展，而且是马克思主义中国化的最新成果。马克思主义认为，人类社会由低级阶段向高级阶段逐步演进，人类的价值观念也在不断提升，发展到共产主义社会，人类社会的最高价值理想已经发生改变，也就是人的自由全面发展。按照“五位一体”总体布局的战略部署，目前我国正在不断加快推进社会主义现代化的进程，进而全面建成小康社会，构建民主法治、诚信友爱、人与自然和谐共处的和谐社会，这样既能满足人类社会对最高价值理想的追求，又能构建起人类价值理想的新范式。……