胶体金免疫层析技术检测中兽药非法添加化学药品的应用

赵兴鑫　田梅　赵义良　苏青　吕洁　赵永坡　张吉

摘要：为快速有效地鉴定出中兽药中非法添加的化学药物，该文选取健胃散、白头翁散、银翘解散和清瘟败毒散4种常见的中兽药散剂作为基质，分别添加不同浓度的沙丁胺醇和克伦特罗2种“瘦肉精”药物，及氯霉素和四环素2种抗生素药物，建立胶体金快速检测方法。结果表明，在健胃散、白头翁散、银翘解散中添加10 μg/kg沙丁胺醇对照品，各个加标样品检测结果均为阳性;在清瘟败毒散中分别添加2、3、5 μg/kg克伦特罗对照品，各个加标样品检测结果均为阳性，且有一定梯度;在健胃散、白头翁散、银翘解毒散中添加10 μg/kg氯霉素对照品，各个加标样品检测结果均为阳性;在健胃散、白头翁散、银翘解毒散中添加50 μg/kg四环素对照品，各个加标样品检测结果均为阳性。

关键词：中兽药;瘦肉精;抗生素;快检;胶体金

中图分类号：S853          文献标识码：B        doi：10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.21.001

Detection of Illegally Added Chemicals in Chinese Veterinary Drugs Based on Colloidal Gold Immunochromatography

Abstract：In order to quickly and effectively identify the illegally added chemical drugs in Chinese veterinary drugs，four common Chinese veterinary drugs，Jianwei powder，Baitouweng powder，Yinqiao powder and Qingwen Paidu powder，were selected as the substrates，the colloidal gold method was established by adding different concentrations of salbutamol and Clenbuterol，chloramphenicol and tetracycline，respectively.The experimental results showed that 10 μg / kg salbutamol reference substance was added to Jianwei powder，Pulsatilla powder and yinqiao powder，and the test results of each spiked sample were positive;2，3 and 5 μg/kg clenbuterol control samples were added to Qingwen Baidu powder respectively，and the test results of each spiked sample were positive with a certain gradient;10 μg/ kg chloramphenicol reference substance was added to Jianwei powder，Pulsatilla powder and Yinqiao Jiedu powder，and the test results of each spiked sample were positive;50 μg/kg tetracycline reference substance was added to Jianwei powder，pulsatilla powder and Yinqiao Jiedu powder，and the test results of each spiked sample were positive.

Keywords：Chinese veterinary medicine，clenbuterol，antibiotics，rapid detection，colloidal gold

引言

隨着全社会对食品安全问题的重视，在我国畜牧业领域进一步提出新的发展要求，其中在兽医临床中减少使用或代替化学合成类抗生素等药物成为最重要的措施[1]，而中兽药因具有低毒副作用、不易产生耐药性等优点会越来越被广泛地应用。

胶体金免疫层析法在具体检验期间所用原理为竞争抑制免疫层析，检验所用样品中待测物在流动时结合胶体金标记特异性待测物单克隆抗体，对于抗体及硝酸纤维素膜检测线上应用的待测物-BSA偶联物结合产生一定的抑制效果，从而造成检测线颜色发生不同程度的深浅变化[2]。……