摘要:猪传染性胸膜肺炎(PCP)是规模化养殖场常见的一种呼吸道疾病,诱发此病的病原菌为胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(APP),该菌的血清型较多,而且不同血清型之间保护作用很弱,甚至没有保护作用,这给此病的防控带来了很大困难。感染传染性胸膜肺炎后,可导致猪死亡,病情较轻的可以引起猪生长缓慢,降低饲料利用率,给养猪场带来很大的损失。该文根据定西市安定区猪传染性胸膜肺炎的流行规律,探讨防控措施,以期提高该病的防控水平。
关键词:猪传染性胸膜肺炎;诊断;防控
中图分类号:S858.28 文献标识码:B doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.21.013
Diagnosis and Control of Porcine Contagious Pleuropneumonia
Abstract:Porcine contagious pleuropneumonia (PCP) is a common respiratory disease in large-scale farms,the pathogenic bacteria inducing this disease is Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) ,which has many serotypes and weak or no protective effect among different serotypes,which brings great difficulty to the prevention and control of this disease.Infectious pleuropneumonia can lead to the death of pigs,the disease can cause slow growth of pigs,reduce feed efficiency,to bring great losses to pig farms.According to the epidemic law of porcine contagious pleuropneumonia in local area,the prevention and control measures were discussed in order to improve the prevention and control level of the disease.
Keywords:porcine contagious pleuropneumonia,diagnosis,prevention and control
引言
豬传染性胸膜肺炎和猪气喘病、猪传染性萎缩性鼻炎一起被称为是规模化养猪场的3大呼吸道疾病,与后两者相比,猪传染性胸膜肺炎对猪场的危害更大,该病是高度传染性呼吸道疾病,致死率20%以上,病情严重的高达80%,如果发展为慢性传染病,可显著增加猪群防病治病成本,降低饲料的利用率,给养殖场造成严重的损失。近些年,定西市安定区养殖业发展迅速,但是管理水平、养殖技术还相对不高,猪场中猪传染性胸膜肺炎的发病率一直处于上升的趋势,探讨诊断方法及防控措施对于早发现、早预防、早治疗有重要作用。
1 病原
胸膜肺炎放线杆菌为兼性厌氧菌,不形成芽胞,没有运动性,但是有荚膜,能够产生毒素。根据其对烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸的依赖性将其分为2种生物型,分别为生物Ⅰ型和生物Ⅱ型,生物Ⅰ型有13个血清型,生物II型有2个血清型,其中有致病性的为生物Ⅰ型,尤其1、5、9、10、11血清型毒性较强,可引起爆发流行,病情严重,致死率高。……