20例儿童恶性淋巴母细胞淋巴瘤合并上腔静脉压迫综合征的护理体会

郭欣 王莉 武莹

摘要：目的：探讨儿童淋巴母细胞瘤所致上腔静脉压迫综合征患儿的护理方法。方法：回顾性分析我院2019年～2020年收治的20例儿童恶性淋巴母细胞淋巴瘤合并上腔静脉压迫综合征患儿临床资料，观察护理效果。结果：20例儿童恶性淋巴母细胞瘤患儿经过实施连续系统的护理措施，配合完整的静脉化疗，SVCS的临床症状得到明显缓解改善，提高了生活质量，取得满意的治疗效果。结论：上腔静脉压迫综合征是一组可以引起急性呼吸困难、头颈部肿胀、发绀、胸壁静脉曲张等临床表现的严重并发症，及时实施完整、连续、系统的护理措施是治疗恶性淋巴母细胞瘤合并上腔静脉压迫综合征的关键。

关键词：儿童;淋巴母细胞瘤;上腔静脉压迫综合征;护理

Objective： To explore the nursing methods of children with superior vena cava compression syndrome caused by lymphoblastoma in children. Methods： the treatment and nursing of 20 children with malignant lymphoblastic lymphoma combined with superior vena cava compression syndrome from 2019 to 2020 were retrospectively analyzed and summarized. Results： 20 cases of children with malignant lymphoblastoma after the implementation of continuous and systematic nursing measures， combined with complete intravenous chemotherapy， the clinical symptoms of superior vena cava compression syndrome were significantly improved， the quality of life was improved， and satisfactory treatment effect was achieved. Conclusion： superior vena cava compression syndrome is a group of severe complications which can cause acute dyspnea， head and neck swelling， cyanosis， thoracic varices and other clinical manifestations. Timely implementation of complete， continuous and systematic nursing measures is the key to the treatment of malignant lymphoblastoma combined with superior vena cava compression syndrome.

Key words： Children; Lymphoblastoma; Superior vena cava compression syndrome; Nursing care

上腔静脉压迫综合征（SVCS）是一组由于上腔静脉及其分支回流到右心房的血液部分或完全受阻，并由此产生的一系列症状。纵隔恶性淋巴瘤压迫上腔静脉，导致上腔静脉综合征的发生，引起头颈部肿胀、发绀、胸壁静脉曲张以及呼吸困难等症状[1]。儿童恶性淋巴瘤中以T淋巴母细胞瘤最为常见。静脉化疗仍是目前治疗儿童恶性T淋巴母细胞淋巴瘤最有效的方法，目前CDVP方案（环磷酰胺、阿霉素、长春新碱、泼尼松）为治疗恶性T淋巴母细胞瘤的最理想方案。

1临床资料

1.1 一般资料

回顾性分析我院2019年～2020年收治的20例儿童恶性淋巴母细胞淋巴瘤合并上腔静脉压迫综合征患儿临床资料，其中，男15例、女5例……