基于熵值法的物流业高质量发展评价指标体系构建

摘  要：随着经济发展方式的转变物流业也正进入转型升级、提质增效的关键时期，但物流业在平稳增长发展的同时依然存在供给侧结构性矛盾、物流成本偏高、创新驱动不足、持续健康发展后劲不足、基础设施有待整体规划布局等下行压力，与人民群众日益增长的美好生活需要和現代化经济体系建设还存在一定差距，与高效率、公平和绿色可持续的发展还有一定距离。文章在剖析物流业高质量发展内涵的基础上，根据物流业高质量发展的内涵贯彻新发展理念，考虑物流业高质量发展的影响因素，从质效提升、创新驱动、以人民为中心、持续健康发展4个方面构建物流业高质量发展的评价指标体系，选取我国各省份的样本数据通过熵值法确定指标的权重，4个一级指标的权重分别为质效提升（0.218）、创新驱动（0.19）、人民为中心（0.305）、持续健康发展（0.287）。研究认为：（1）评价指标体系的构建为科学评价物流业高质量发展提供参考标准;（2）为开展实证评价研究提供了可能。

关键词：绿色发展;城市物流绩效;主成分分析;熵值法;评价指标体系

中图分类号：F272    文献标识码：A

Abstract： With the transformation of economic development mode， the logistics industry is also entering the key period of transformation and upgrading， improving quality and efficiency， but while the logistics industry is growing steadily， there are still such downward pressures as supply-side structural contradictions， high logistics costs， insufficient innovation drivers， insufficient staying power for sustainable and healthy development， and the need for overall infrastructure planning and layout， there is still a gap between the people's ever-growing needs for a better life and the construction of a modern economic system， as well as between high efficiency， equity and green and sustainable development. On the basis of analyzing the connotation of high-quality development of logistics industry， according to the connotation and characteristics of high-quality development of logistics industry， carrying out the new development concept， considering the influence factors of high-quality development of logistics industry， from the four aspects of quality and efficiency improvement， innovation-driven， people-centered， sustainable and healthy development， this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the high-quality development of logistics industry， the weights of the four primary indicators were quality improvement（0.218）， innovation-driven（0.19）， people-centered（0.305）and sustainable and healthy development（0.287）. The research holds that：（1）The construction of evaluation index system provides reference standard for scientific evaluation of high-quality development of logistics industry;（2）It provides possibility for empirical evaluation research.

Key words： green development; urban logistics performance; principal component analysis; entropy evaluation method; assessment indicator system

1  物流业高质量发展面临的问题

1.1  供给侧结构性矛盾

经济快速发展推动了我国物流业高速发展，2019年社会物流总额298万亿元，同比增长5.9%，但与物流业降本增效、增强实体经济活力、增强经济发展内生动力、深化供给侧结构性改革、实现物流业平衡充分发展的高质量发展内涵相比，运输、仓储供给能力过剩[1]。……