摆脱“小学化”倾向，提高幼儿园教育教学有效性

杜春丽

摘  要：幼儿教育作为我国教育系统的基础环节，随着教育体制的改革，逐渐受到社会各界的关注。相较于其他学段的教育工作，幼儿教育差异性明显。幼儿教育工作者必须基于幼儿特点、遵循教育规律、把握教育尺度，这样才能够避免在幼儿教育阶段出现“过度”化教育，即“小学化”倾向。文章将研究重点放在目前幼儿园教育小学化的发展上，力求通过研究分析、强化认知、找准切入，在幼儿教育实践中摆脱“小学化”倾向，提高幼儿园教育教学有效性。

关键词：幼儿园;小学化;原因;危害;对策

【中图分类号】G610       【文献标识码】A       【文章编号】1005-8877（2021）18-0035-02

Get rid of the tendency of "primary school" and improve the effectiveness of kindergarten education and teaching

DU Chunli  （Fifty Mission Center Kindergarten，Tumushuk City，Xinjiang，china）

【Abstract】 As the basic link of our country's education system，preschool education has gradually received attention from all walks of life with the reform of the education system. Compared with the educational work of other schools，the difference in early childhood education is obvious. Early childhood educators must be based on the characteristics of children，follow the rules of education，and grasp the standards of education，so as to avoid the emergence of "excessive" education，that is，the tendency of "primary school" in the early childhood education stage. The article focuses the research on the current development of primary education in kindergartens，and strives to get rid of the tendency of "primary education" in the practice of early childhood education through research and analysis，strengthen cognition，and find accurate entry，and improve the effectiveness of kindergarten education and teaching.

【Keywords】Kindergarten;Primary school;Dauses;Harm;Countermeasures

幼儿园教育在发展过程中受多方面因素影响逐渐偏离轨道，出现“小学化”色彩。这违背了《3-6岁儿童学习与发展指南的要求》，更违背了幼儿学习、成长发展规律，不利于我国学前教育工作有效推进，需要广大幼儿教育工作者加以重视。

1.幼兒园教育“小学化”定义

从字面意思上理解幼儿园教育“小学化”，是指幼儿园教育工作者在开展幼教工作中违背了幼儿教育的标准，以小学教育行为规范及准则进行教育工作。

它主要表现在家长、教师过分注重孩子的智力教育，提出较高标准及要求。且在教学过程中没有依靠幼儿的身心发展，想要培养“神通”等。这实际上是我国幼儿园教育的畸形发展表现，它具有多种危害，影响幼儿教育工作者顺利开展。

2.幼儿园教育小学化发展原因探析

（1）家庭

首先，大部分家长对学前教育存在错误的认识。……