马树振
摘 要:我国当代作家梁晓声在其著作《中国社会各阶层分析》中,分别从当代资产者阶层、当代“买办”者阶层、当代中产者阶层等9个角度对我国的社会阶层做了梳理。该文以中国当代中产者阶层以及知识分子为视角,通过分析其阶层特点,以教育为切入点分析其意识形态及教育理念,探究教育对于促进社会阶层流动所发挥的作用,最后为教育推动社会阶层流动做简要的讨论并提出相关建议。
关键词:社会阶层 教育 阶层固化 公平民主
中图分类号:G521 文献标识码:A文章编号:1672-3791(2021)03(a)-0200-03
Discussion on the Promotion of Social Mobility by Education
MA Shuzhen
(School of public manage ment and media, Guilin University of Technology, guilin, guangxi zhuang autonomous region, 541004 China)
Abstract: Liang Xiaosheng, a contemporary Chinese writer, in his book An Analysis of All Strata of Chinese Society, sorted out the social strata of China from nine perspectives, including the bourgeois stratum, the comprador stratum and the middle class. Based on the contemporary Chinese middle class and the perspective of contemporary intellectuals, by analyzing the characteristics of class, with education as the breakthrough point from the analysis of its ideology and education concept, and to explore the education to promote the role of social mobility, finally do discuss briefly for education to promote social mobility and related Suggestions are put forward.
Key words: Social strata; Education; Stratification; Fair and democratic
梁曉声是中国当代著名作家,以知青文学成名,于2011年出版其著作《中国社会各阶层分析》,书中将我国社会划分为当代资产者阶层、当代“买办”者阶层,当代中产者阶层、当代知识分子等9个阶层,通过生活实例将各阶层的形成历史和阶层特点展现在读者面前。
1 中国社会各阶层之当代中产者阶层与当代知识分子阶层
通过分析书中划分出来的当代中产者和知识分子阶层的特点及其教育理念,由后现代主义视角出发,可以看出他们是最有可能通过教育突破阶层固化,是促进社会阶层公平流动的两大主体。
当代中产者阶层,是指从城市平民阶层中上升出来的一个阶层,以私有财产的拥有现状为前提来划分的话,他们拥有自己的房产、私家汽车以及一笔数目可观的存款。但是在中国情况有些特殊,中产阶层包括了以下4类:二三流影视明星、年收入仅次于电视连续剧编剧们的歌星们、名气半大不小的画家与书法家、个体独资小公司的法人代表。……