羽绒被产品的质量检测与评价

胡海蓉 刘宇 王琪

摘 要：为进一步监督羽绒被市场质量情况，保护广大消费者的合法权益，开展此次羽绒被质量检测与评价。从市场上采集40批次羽绒被样品，检测及评定主要依据为QB/T 1193—2012《羽绒羽毛被》及强制标准GB 18401—2010《国家纺织产品基本安全技术规范》，本次对于羽绒被测评结果主要以绒子含量、蓬松度、透明度、防钻绒及透气性5大指标体现。其中，40批次产品的绒子含量、蓬松度和透明度指标均符合标准要求规定，有3批次产品透气性能较差，1批次产品防钻绒性能不佳。GB 18401—2010中所涉及到的6项指标中仅有1批次pH值不合格。结合上述5大指标对羽绒被进行综合星级评价，总体星级评价良好。测评结果为消费者提供了羽绒被购买建议，并对羽绒被市场规范提出预警措施。

关键词：羽绒被;质量测评;绒子含量;蓬松度;透明度;透气性;防钻绒性

中图分类号：TS959.16

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1009-265X（2021）04-0069-07

Abstract：In order to supervise the quality of the down & feather quilt market and protect the legal rights and interests of consumers， we carried out this quality test and evaluation of down & feather quilts. 40 batches of samples were collected from the market， and the main basis for the test and evaluation is Down & Feather Quilt （QB/T 1193—2012） and National General Safety Technical Code for Textile Products （GB 18401—2010）. We mainly evaluated the quality of the samples from five indexes： down content， fill power， transparency， fabric & downproof and air permeability. Among them， the down content， fill power and transparency indexes of the 40 batches of samples all met the requirements of the standards， 3 batches of samples had poor performance in air permeability， and 1 batch of the samples showed poor fabric & downproof property. Among 6 indexes involved in GB 18401—2010， only 1 batch of the samples was below the standard in terms of pH index. The above five major indexes were combined to make a comprehensive star rating for the down & feather quilts， and the results were generally good. The test and evaluation results provide consumers with suggestions for the purchase of the down & feather quilt， and this paper puts forward warning measures for the down & feather quilts.

Key words：down & feather quilt; quality evaluation; down content; fill power; transparency; air permeability; fabric & downproof property

羽絨是天然动物蛋白质纤维，具有质地轻柔，结构蓬松和保暖隔热等优良性能，与棉花、羊毛以及蚕丝并列称为4大天然保暖材料[1]。随着人们对绿色环保及生活品质的日益提升，羽绒作为优良的原材料被越来越多的用于生产羽绒寝具之中。羽绒被透气干爽、轻柔保暖、具有其他保暖材料所不具备的吸湿透气的良好性能，被称为“会呼吸的被子”。

随着羽绒被市场需求量的增长，相关的质量问题也随之产生。主要有以下几类问题：一是因为羽绒的价格较高，生产商偷工减料、弄虚作假以谋求利益的现象不时发生;二是由于羽绒本身轻、细并且柔软，容易出现跑绒现象，绒被吸入人体易引发呼吸道疾病;三是某些生产企业为防止出现钻绒现象而在面料上进行了涂层处理，导致面料不透气。……