阳离子染料可染改性涤纶及其面料的研究进展

2021-08-09 09:25:07张淑军李刚张鸿张明其刘燕平潘志娟
现代纺织技术 2021年4期

张淑军 李刚 张鸿 张明其 刘燕平 潘志娟

摘 要:阳离子染料可染改性涤纶是市场上应用广,需求大,开发价值高的改性涤纶,为满足消费者对该产品日益提高的需求,本文通过了解阳离子染料可染涤纶聚酯纺丝原料、纺纱纤维和纱线织造等方面的研发现状和应用情况,分析和讨论了阳离子面料创新的研究成果和市场趋势,得到了阳离子涤纶多样化、功能化的创新方向,市场上产品在易染色的基础上复合了抗菌、抗静电或抗紫外等更多新功能,同时响应时代需求,更加注重和发展针织等更加环保节能、绿色低碳的生产方式。

关键词:功能性纤维;阳离子改性涤纶;面料开发;服用性能

中图分类号:TS141.8

文献标志码:A

文章编号:1009-265X(2021)04-0115-06

Abstract:Cationic dye modified polyester is widely used in textile market with high demand and development value. In order to meet consumers increasing demand for this product, the authors analyzed and discussed research results and market trends of cationic fabric innovation and obtained the diversified and functional innovation directions of cationic polyester based on understanding the R&D and application status of polyester spinning material dyed by cationic dyes, spinning fibers and yarn weaving. The products on the market are combined with more new functions such as antibacterial, antistatic or anti-ultraviolet functions based on easy dyeing. To respond to the needs of the times, more attention is paid to the development of more environmentally friendly, energy-saving and low-carbon production methods such as knitting.

Key words:functional fiber; cationic dye modified polyester; fabric development; wearability

涤纶自1941年问世,1953年投入工业化生产后,凭借其低廉的价格和一系列优良性能,如强度高、弹性好、热塑性好、耐磨性好以及耐腐蚀等,大量应用于衣料、床上用品、装饰布料、国防军工用品以及其他工业用纤维制品。涤纶发展迅速,应用范围广,是合成纤维的最大类属,其产量居所有化学纤维之首[1]。

普通涤纶织物,有良好的洗可穿性、坚牢耐用,滑爽挺括,然而其缺点也十分明显,如织物透气性差、染色性能差、易起毛起球等。而且普通涤纶需要用非极性分散染料在高温高压、热熔或有涤纶膨化载体存在的条件下进行染色,不仅对染色设备和工艺要求高,而且产品的色调、风格和性能均受到限制[2],阳离子可染改性涤纶则很好的解决了该问题,这种改性涤纶生产能耗小、成本低、应用广、需求大,市场反响强烈,是开发热度很高同时较为成熟的一种产品。……

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