包成杰 党征刚 张兵



摘 要: 随着人机交互领域研究的不断发展,交互途径已经从传统的视觉和听觉途径扩展到触觉途径。触觉是人类感知外界信息的重要途径之一。非接触式触觉反馈能够在 AR/VR领域有更好的表现,为虚拟现实中的场景交互提供触觉反馈。本文提出一种基于相控阵技术的方法来使超声波的波束聚焦以模拟触觉。通过Matlab进行超声波换能器声场仿真分析设计开发了基于DSP(Digital Signal Processing)和FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) 双核结构的相控阵超声发射系统,并进行了实验验证工作。系统通过DSP完成相位计算,并通过FPGA实现高精度的相位控制。基于Matlab的声场分析结果与实验结果预期相符,完成了基于超声波相控阵的非接触式触觉反馈原理样机的开发。
关键词: 超声相控阵;触觉反馈;仿真;超声波束聚焦;FPGA
文章编号: 2095-2163(2021)03-0085-06 中图分类号:TN911.7 文献标志码:B
【Abstract】With the continuous development of research in the field of human-computer interaction, the interactive approach has expanded from the traditional visual and auditory approach to the tactile approach. Touch is one of the important ways for humans to perceive information from the outside world. Non-contact tactile feedback can perform better in the AR/VR field, providing tactile feedback for scene interaction in virtual reality. This paper proposes a method based on phased array technology to focus the ultrasonic beam for simulating touch. Using Matlab to perform sound field simulation analysis of ultrasonic transducer, and designing and developing a phased array ultrasonic transmission system based on DSP (Digital Signal Processing) and FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) dual-core structure and carrying out experimental verification, this system completes phase calculation through DSP, and realizes high-precision phase control through FPGA. The Matlab-based sound field analysis results are consistent with the experimental results, and the prototype of the non-contact tactile feedback principle based on ultrasonic phased array is completed. The final experimental results are consistent with the simulation results.
【Key words】 ultrasonic phased array; tactile feedback; simulation; ultrasonic beam focusing; Field Programmable Gate Array
0 引 言
随着现阶段人机交互领域的不断研究和发展,对各种交互途径的准确性和可靠性提出越来越高的要求。触觉反馈提供了一种新的人机交互方式,是现阶段人机交互领域的重要研究方向。触觉反馈的方式可分为2种:接触式触觉反馈和非接触式触觉反馈,这取决于其在使用过程中是否与设备直接接触。在非接触触觉反馈的研究中,基于超声波相控阵的触觉反馈是国内外研究的热点。通过超声波在空中形成的声束聚焦而产生触觉反馈,创造性地使用户能够摆脱设备的束缚,增加了交互的舒适度,可以广泛应用于教育、医疗、游戏等多个领域,具有广阔的应用前景[1]。……