草莓新品种“香野”在重庆地区的引种栽培试验

胡佳羽 向双路 史文景 罗友进 陈元平 肖璐 张义刚

摘要 为优化重庆草莓品种结构，引入日本草莓新品种“香野”，对照品种“红颜”，开展了大棚设施栽培条件下2个品种的比较试验，主要针对草莓的植株、叶、花、果等植物学特性，果实产量、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、Vc和抗病性等指标进行对比评价和分析。结果表明，“香野”草莓在重庆9月种植，12月上旬即开始成熟上市，果实始熟期较“红颜”早16 d;可溶性固形物可高達15.43%，较“红颜”品质好;香味浓，固酸比可高达31.72，糖酸比可高达16.5，口感纯甜，适合本地人口感;丰产性好，产量达22 445.8 kg/hm2，较红颜高14 804.4 kg/hm2，丰产优势明显;较抗炭疽病、白粉病和蚜虫;种植效益高，产值为1 432 308.1元/hm2;表明“香野”草莓是一个熟期早、品质优、香味浓、风味甜、丰产性好、抗病性好、种植经济效益高的优良品种，对栽培管理技术要求也不高，适宜在重庆地区推广种植。

关键词 草莓;香野;红颜;引种; 塑料大棚

中图分类号 S 668.4  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）15-0045-04

Abstract In order to optimize the structure of strawberry varieties in Chongqing，a new variety of Japanese strawberries Kaorino was introduced，with the variety of Benihoppe as CK. A comparative test of 2 varieties under the cultivation conditions of plastic house was carried out，mainly for strawberry plants，leaves，flowers，fruits and other botanical characteristics，fruit yield，soluble solids，titration acid，Vc and disease resistance and other indicators.The results showed that the Kaorino strawberries began to mature in early December when planted in September，which was 16 days earlier than the Benihoppe;soluble solids could be as high as 15.43%，better than the Benihoppe quality. It was with strong fragrance，solid acid ratio could be as high as 31.72，glycoic acid ratio could be as high as 16.5，pure sweet taste was suitable for the local population;the planting efficiency was high，the yield of Kaorino was 22 445.8 kg/hm2，which was 14 804.4 kg/hm2 more than that of Benihoppe，the advantages of abundance was obvious. Kaorino was more resistant to anthrax，white powder and aphids;it had a high planting efficiency of 1 432 308.1 yuan/hm2 output value;the preliminary test results showed that Kaorino strawberry was an excellent strawberry cultivar with early maturity，excellent quality，strong fragrance，sweet flavor，good yield，strong resistance to disease and high economic benefits. Its cultivation management technology requirements were not high and it was suitable for the promotion of planting in Chongqing area.

Key words Strawberry;Kaorino;Benihoppe;Introduction;Plastic house

基金项目 2019年重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项（cstc2019jscx-msxmX0397）;2019年农发资金项目（NKY-2019AB006，NKY-2019AC001）; 2019年重庆市科委科研院所绩效激励引导专项（cqaas2019jxjl05）。

作者简介 胡佳羽（1983—），女，四川仁寿人，助理研究员，硕士，从事果树生理生态及栽培技术研究。

收稿日期 2020-12-04

草莓是多年生常绿草本植物，因其浆果果实色、香、味、营养俱佳，种植周期短、见效快、效益高，深受广大消费者和种植者的青睐[1-2]。近年来，在重庆九龙坡、渝北、巴南等近郊区县，种植者利用大棚设施生产草莓，促使草莓成熟期提前至12月至次年1月，提前并延长了草莓采摘期，获得了较高的经济效益，对促进当地农民增收、农业增效和乡村振兴发挥了重要作用[3-7]。……