基于SRAP分子标记的马铃薯品种遗传多样性分析

2021-09-03 02:52:05姚华开罗英舰郑元利黎礼谦
安徽农业科学 2021年15期

姚华开 罗英舰 郑元利 黎礼谦

摘要 [目的]研究10个马铃薯品种之间的遗传差异性,了解其亲缘关系。[方法]利用SRAP分子标记技术,共计56对引物组合,对10份马铃薯的DNA进行遗传多样性分析,共筛选出10对背景干净、条带清晰、扩增条带丰富、重复性好的SRAP引物组合进行PCR扩增。[结果]扩增出的96条条带中多态性条带有36条,占比为37.50%。以阈值0.758作为标准,可将马铃薯分为四大类:地泰高原红土豆、云南乌洋芋、威芋3号、云斯特和转心乌;威芋7号和黔芋7号;云南七彩土豆;黑金刚和黑美人。[结论]选用SRAP分子标记技术能较好地区分供试品种之间的亲缘关系,且品种之间的遗传差异性较大,SRAP分子标记技术有助于马铃薯遗传资源的进一步挖掘和利用,对下一步马铃薯改良杂交材料的组配利用和新品种选育具有指导意义。

关键词 马铃薯;SRAP;遗传多样性

中图分类号 S 532  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611(2021)15-0104-04

Abstract [Objective]In order to study the genetic differences among 10 potato varieties and understand their genetic relationship. [Method]Using SRAP molecular marker technology, a total of 56 primer combinations were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 10 potato DNA samples. Ten pairs of SRAP primer combinations with clean background, clear bands, rich amplification bands and good repeatability were selected for PCR amplification. [Result]Among the 96 bands amplified, 36 were polymorphic, accounting for 37.50%. According to the threshold value of 0.758, potatoes can be divided into four categories: Ditai potato, Yunnan black potato, Weiyu No.3, Yunsite and Zhuanxinwu;Weiyu No.7 and Qianyu No.7;Yunnan colorful potato;Heijingang and Heimeiren. [Conclusion] In this study, SRAP molecular marker technology can better distinguish the genetic relationship between the tested varieties, and the genetic differences between varieties are large. SRAP molecular marker technology is helpful to further mining and utilization of potato genetic resources, and it is helpful for the combination and utilization of potato improved hybrid materials and new variety breeding in the next step.

Key words Potato;SRAP;Genetic diversity

基金項目 贵州省科技计划项目“根类紫色蔬菜种质资源收集、筛选及应用”(黔科技合支撑〔2018〕2332)。

作者简介 姚华开(1993—),男,贵州石阡人,农艺师,硕士,从事蔬菜栽培与育种研究。

*通信作者,农艺师,硕士,从事蔬菜栽培与育种研究。

收稿日期 2021-01-05;修回日期 2021-01-26

马铃薯,又称洋芋、土豆,为一年生具块茎的粮、菜、饲兼用作物[1-2],具有环境适应能力强、单产高、种植成本较低、易种植、耐贮藏等特点,素有“地下苹果”“世界十大营养食品之一”“能源植物”等多项美称[3-4]。

贵州省在明末清初就开始种植马铃薯,历史较为悠久,尤其是近几年种植面积的不断扩大,目前已位列全国三甲[5-7]。……

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