王威锐 李帅 孟泽洪 周玉锋





摘要:山香圆平背粉虱(Crenidorsum turpiniae)是一种茶树粉虱害虫,最早在贵州湄潭地区被发现,主要以若虫固着于茶树叶片背面吸汁为害,排出“蜜露”诱发煤烟病,影响茶树树势和茶叶产量与品质。文章介绍了山香圆平背粉虱的分类地位、分布和为害、形态特征、发生特点和防治方法,为该害虫的识别和科学防控提供参考。
关键词:茶树;山香圆平背粉虱;为害状;识别;防控
A Whitefly Pest of Tea plants
——Crenidorsum turpiniae
WANG Weirui1, 2, LI Shuai2, MENG Zehong2*, ZHOU Yufeng2
1. College of Tea Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
2. Guizhou Tea Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Guiyang 550006, China
Abstract: The whitefly species, Crenidorsum turpiniae, was a newly recorded tea insect pest which firstly found and
took place frequently in Meitan County of Guizhou Province. Nymphs prefer to feed on the back of leaves by
piercing-sucking mouthparts, which cause dark mildew in tea plants and seriously impact tea quality and yield.
The objective of this paper was to introduce the classification status, geographical distribution, damage and occurrence
feature, morphological characteristics and control methods of Crenidorsum turpiniae. Moreover, the pictures of the
whitefly in different stages were provided for the recognition and management of Crenidorsum turpiniae.
Keywords: tea plant, Crenidorsum turpiniae, damage characteristics, recognition, control
近年來,一种茶树“白蠓虫”在贵州湄潭等地发生严重,成虫喜聚集静伏于茶蓬上层叶片背面(图1),受惊扰后四散而起、乱飞扑面,影响茶农采茶等农事操作。接到茶农反映后,笔者调查发现,该虫实则为一种粉虱类害虫,大发生茶园百叶成虫量可达数千头,并引发茶树下层煤烟病,影响茶叶产量和质量,茶农虽进行了防控但效果欠佳。通过对该虫伪蛹的形态特征观察,发现其有别于之前报道的茶树粉虱[1],鉴定结果为山香圆平背粉虱[2]。
一、分类地位
粉虱类害虫隶属半翅目(Hemiptera)粉虱科(Aleyrodidae),是茶园常见害虫类群之一。在我国,为害茶树的粉虱类害虫有10余种[3]。山香圆平背粉虱(Crenidorsum turpiniae)是粉虱科(Aleyrodidae)平背粉虱属(Crenidorsum)的种类,是近年来新报道的茶树粉虱害虫[2]。除茶树外,寄主还包括柿、山香圆、山龙眼等[4]。
二、分布与为害
山香圆平背粉虱已知分布区域包括我国贵州、湖北、安徽、广西、台湾等省,国外还包括印度和越南[5]。主要以若虫固着于茶树叶片背面吸汁为害,排出“蜜露”诱发煤烟病(图2),影响茶树树势和茶叶产量、品质;成虫亦可吸食茶树叶片汁液,具一定的趋嫩性,密集取食时可造成嫩叶失水卷叶。……