范东山 邢婕 边忠鹏 赵芳辉



摘 要:根据环境标准HJ 491—2019,利用火焰原子吸收法对土壤中铜和锌开展实验室内部方法验证。结果表明,土壤铜在0~0.40 mg/L内线性结果良好,土壤锌在0~0.80 mg/L内线性结果良好,相关系数均≥0.999。实验室测定土壤中的铜和锌的检出限均为1 mg/kg,测定下限均为4 mg/kg,土壤铜的相对标准偏差为0.17%,土壤锌的相对标准偏差为0.18%,符合标准要求,同时土壤铜和锌的标准物质相对误差均在标准规定范围内,证实实验室具备检测土壤中铜和锌的能力。
关键词:土壤;火焰原子吸收;铜;锌
中图分类号:S151.93文献标识码:A文章编号:1003-5168(2021)11-0138-03
Verification of Determination of Copper and Zinc in Soil by
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
FAN Dongshan XING Jie BIAN Zhongpeng ZHAO Fanghui
(Shandong Jiayu Test Technology Co., Ltd.,Zibo Shandong 255086)
Abstract: According to the environmental standard HJ 491—2019, an in-laboratory validation of copper and zinc in soil was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. It turns out that soil copper showed good linearity in the range of 0~0.40 mg/L, soil zinc showed good linearity in the range of 0~0.80 mg/L,the correlation coefficient greater than or equal to 0.999. The detection limit of copper and zinc in soil determined in laboratory were 1 mg/kg,the lower limit of determination were 4 mg/kg,the RSD of soil copper was 0.17%,the RSD of soil zinc was 0.18%, which meet the requirements of the standard, and the relative error of certified reference materials was within the standard range. The Result was confirmed that the laboratory has the ability to detect copper and zinc in soil.
Keywords: soil;flame atomic absorption;copper;zinc
隨着社会经济的发展,我国大多数城市近郊土壤受到不同程度的污染。尤其是工业废水的排放,会影响水的质量[1]。若用含铜和锌的废水灌溉农田,则铜和锌会在土壤和农作物中积累,不仅会影响农作物的生长,而且会污染粮食籽粒。铜、锌是人体必需的微量元素,但过量摄入会对人体健康造成危害。为更准确、快速地测定土壤中的铜,利用火焰原子吸收法测定具有重要的现实意义。通过学习《环境监测分析方法标准制订技术导则》(HJ 168—2020)[2],熟练掌握了火焰原子吸收的操作规程,并制定出方法验证流程进行了分析测试。
1 材料与方法
1.1 方法原理
土壤经酸消解后,试样中铜、锌在空气-乙炔火焰中原子化,其基态原子分别对铜、锌的特征谱线产生选择性吸收,吸收强度在一定范围内与铜、锌的浓度成正比[3]。
1.2 仪器与试剂
原子吸收分光光度计(TAS-990AFG),电子天平(BSA224S),微波消解仪(屹尧TOPEX),智能控温电加热器(G-400),尼龙筛[0.15 mm(100目)],铜空心阴极灯,锌空心阴极灯。……