王洁 肖绍文 温婷 刘汉娇



[摘要]目的系统评价针灸联合吞咽训练对脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的康复效果。方法计算机检索 The Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、中国知网(CNKI)、维普数据库(VIP)、万方数据库(WanFang Data)和中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)中涉及针灸联合吞咽训练干预脑卒中患者吞咽障碍的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时间为建库至2020年4月30日。由两名研究人員按照纳入和排除标准,独立筛选文献、提取数据及对纳入的文献进行质量评价后,采用RevMan 5.3.0软件进行 meta 分析。结果最终纳入14篇文献,共954例患者。meta 分析结果表明,针灸联合吞咽训练治疗脑卒中吞咽障碍的效果优于常规康复治疗,显效率[OR=1.78,95%CI(1.26,2.50),P=0.0010],总有效率[OR=4.39,95%CI(2.88,6.69), P <0.00001],洼田饮水试验[MD=-0.82,95%CI (-1.25,-0.39),P=0.0002]。结论针灸联合吞咽训练能促进脑卒中吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能的恢复,但本研究结论需要更多设计科学合理、质量更高的随机对照试验来进行验证。
[关键词]针灸;脑卒中;吞咽障碍; meta 分析;吞咽功能
[中图分类号] R743.34 [文献标识码] A [文章编号]2095-0616(2021)24-0071-06
Meta -analysis of rehabilitation effect of acupuncture and swallowing training on dysphagia after stroke
WANG Jie XIAO Shaowen WEN Ting LIU Hanjiao
1.Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, Fuzhou 350108, China;2. Shenzhen Baoan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Group), Guangdong, Shenzhen 518133, China
[Abstract] Objective To systematically evaluate the rehabilitation effect of acupuncture combined with swallowing training on stroke patients with dysphagia. Methods The randomized controlled trial (RCT) involving acupuncture combined with swallowing training to interfere with dysphagia of stroke patients in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data and CBM was searched by computer. The search time was from the establishment of the database to 30 April, 2020. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers independently screened literatures, extracted data and evaluated the quality of the included literatures, and then conducted meta-analysis with RevMan 5.3.0 software. Results A total of 14 articles were included, with 954 patients in total. Meta-analysis showed that the therapeutic effect of acupuncture combined with swallowing training was superior to conventional rehabilitation treatment in treating dysphagia after stroke effective rate ( OR=1.78, 95% CI [1.26, 2.50], P=0.0010), total effective rate (OR=4.39, 95% CI [2.88, 6.69], P <0.00001) and water swallow test (MD=-0.82, 95% CI [-1.25, -0.39], P=0.0002). Conclusion Acupuncture combined with swallowing training can promote the recovery of swallowing function in patients with dysphagia after stroke, but the conclusion of this study needs more RCTs with scientific design and higher quality for the verification.
[Key words] Acupuncture; Stroke; Dysphagia; Meta-analysis; Swallowing function
脑卒中是临床常见的脑血管疾病,具有高发病率、高致残率、高病死率、高复发率、高经济负担五大特点[1]。其中出血性脑卒中及缺血性脑卒中住院总费用分别高达254.19亿元和601.05亿元[2]。吞咽障碍作为脑卒中常见的并发症之一,主要临床表现为进食缓慢、进食困难、饮水呛咳,发生率为37%~78%[3]。吞咽障碍还会延长患者的住院时间,进一步加重患者及其家庭的经济负担[4],严重时可导致患者死亡[5]。近几年,对脑卒中吞咽障碍患者采用针灸联合吞咽训练康复治疗方案的研究逐渐增多,并显示存在积极作用,但无相关系统评价。为了解此干预方案的临床效果,笔者从循证医学的角度[6],对针灸联合吞咽训练干预脑卒中后吞咽障碍的相关研究进行 meta 分析,以期为临床制订脑卒中患者吞咽障碍的康复方案提供证据。……