【摘要】目的:探讨家庭医生签约模式下的健康教育对高血压患者不良生活方式干预效果。方法:2018年3月至2020年7月华池县脱贫不脱政策人群高血压患者1181人中随机抽取100例作为研究对象,采用前后对照研究方式,比较签约及履约前后患者不良生活方式的改变及血压变化。结果:签约后患者接受规范化健康教育后生活方式明显改善(P<0.01),血压有所下降(P<0.01).结论:家庭医生签约模式下的健康教育对不良生活方式干预效果显著,值得进一步推广覆盖到35岁以上人群。
【关键词】家庭医生签约;高血压;健康教育;生活方式;干预
[中图分类号]R473.2 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]2096-5249(2021)05-0150-02
Health Education Through Family Doctors’ Appointments as Intervention for Unhealthy Lifestyle of Hypertension Patients
SHANG Jian-wei (General Doctor-in-Charge, ECG Center of Huachi County Renmin Hospital, Anqing Gansu 745600, China)
[Abstract] Objective: This paper intends to explore the intervention effect of health education through family doctors’appointments on the unhealthy lifestyle of Hypertension patients. Methods: 100 study subjects randomly selected among 1181 Hypertension patients participated in the pre- and post-tests designed for comparison between changes in their unhealthy lifestyle and blood pressure before and after the appointments. Results: Significant change (P<0.01) was found in the patients’ lifestyle after the appointments made with their doctors for guided health education, and relative drop (P<0.01) in their blood pressure as well. Conclusion: The intervention of appointments with family doctors for health education has significant effect on the unhealthy lifestyle of the patients, demonstrating the benefits of wide application of such arrangement or pattern to those above age 35.
[Keywords] Family doctors’appointments; Hypertension; Health education; Lifestyle; Intervention
2018年3月以來,甘肃省庆阳市华池县由省市、县、乡、村及督导人员五级联动组成若干个建档立卡贫困人口“一人一策”家庭医生签约团队[1],建立起一种长期、稳定的服务关系,以便对签约家庭的健康进行全过程的维护,为签约家庭和个人提供安全、方便、有效、连续、经济的基本医疗服务和基本公共卫生服务。通过健全签约工作机制、加强签约队伍培训、提高了签约服务质量,提供了精准健康帮扶,现已整县脱贫摘帽,为全面实施健康中国战略交上了一份满意的答卷。
1 方法与资料
1.1各签约团队 在市、县级帮扶专家参与下乡、村级医生及督导人员一同入户,向患者介绍家庭医生签约政策,知情同意下完成签约,完善健康档案,全面详细了解家族史、病程、症状及既往史、继发性高血压线索、生活方式、心理社会因素等,辅以必要的体格检查,查阅相关实验室检查资料,综合评估进行高血压分级及危险因素分层,“一人一策”制定帮扶措施。……