王为城


摘要:为了解福鼎地区蜜蜂细菌性病原菌流行情况。对2019—2021年采集病死的蜜蜂样品423份,采用常规的细菌分离鉴定和PCR方法进行细菌性并进行分离鉴定。结果显示,结果显示分离得到幼虫芽孢杆菌、蜂房蜜蜂球菌、屎肠球菌、蜜蜂螺旋体病、蜜蜂败血杆菌、蜂房哈夫尼菌6种细菌性疾病,分别占采集样品的分别占采集样品的13.5%、13.9%、3.9%、4.5%、14.2%、19.1%,其中以蜜蜂败血杆菌、蜂房哈夫尼菌、幼虫芽孢杆菌蜂房蜜蜂球菌4种病原菌为流行的主要病原菌。6种细菌性疾病呈现混合感染,以二重病原菌感染、三重病原菌感染及四重病原菌感染所占比例较高,分别占采集样品的14.2%、12.3%、13.5%。说明该地区蜜蜂细菌性病较严重,呈现多重感染。
关键词:蜜蜂;细菌性疾病;分离鉴定;调查;分析
中图分类号:S895文献标识码:Bdoi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-3637.2021.23.003
Investigation and Analysis of Bacterial Pathogens of Honey Bees in Fuding,Fujian Province
WANG Weicheng
(Agricultural Comprehensive Law Enforcement Brigade,Fuding City,Fujian Ningde 355200,China)
Abstract:To understand the prevalence of bacterial pathogens in Apis Mellifera in Fuding. 423 Bee samples from 2019——2021 were isolated and identified by routine bacterial isolation and PCR. The results showed that six bacterial diseases were isolated,including Bacillus cereus,bee colony bee coccus,Bee Enterococcus Faecium,Bee spirochete disease,Bee Septicemia Bacillus,and Hafniellacellulosae,13.5%,13.9%,3.9%,4.5%,14.2% and 19.1% of the samples,respectively,among them,Septicemia Bacilli,Hafniellacellulosae and Bacillus cereus were the main pathogens. There were mixed infection in 6 kinds of bacterial diseases,the proportion of double,triple and quadruple pathogens were 14.2%,12.3% and 13.5%,respectively.The results showed that the bacterial venereal disease of honey bees in this area was serious and presented multiple infection.
Keywords:bee,bacterial diseases,isolation and identification,investigation,analysis
0引言
经过统计我国每年蜂蜜产量达50 t以上,占世界总产量的65%以上,其出口量达12万t,养蜂业成为组成生态农业的重要组成部分。近年,随着蜜蜂养殖数量的增加,蜜蜂细菌性疾病发生与流行呈现逐年增高的趋势,且成为危害蜜蜂养殖业的严重的疾病之一,严重影响蜜蜂的经济效益,临床中经过统计蜜蜂的细菌性疾病的的发生率在50%以上,该病成为奶牛养殖过程中常见疾病,且给养蜂业带来巨大的经济损失。试验对2019—2021年采集采集病死的蜜蜂样品423份进行细菌性病原菌分离,为该病的综合防控提供参考依据。
1材料与方法
1.1病料来源
2019—2021年采集采集病死的蜜蜂样品423份进行细菌性病原分离鉴定。……