荣光 叶丹 彭维祺 孙卫平 李学征


摘要为了解儋州市鸡高致病禽流感 H5和 H7亚型二联灭活疫苗的免疫效果,于2020年12月在全市16个乡镇养鸡场(户)采集302份血清,采用血凝和血凝抑制试验( HA-HI)对禽流感 H5、H7亚型免疫抗体进行检测。结果显示,302份鸡血清样品中,鸡禽流感 H5以及 H7阳性个体数分别为247、215份,合格率分别为82%、71%,均符合农业农村部要求免疫抗体水平达到70%的标准。说明 H5和 H7亚型禽流感二联灭活疫苗的免疫效果较好,有较强的保护力。
关键词高致病性禽流感;免疫效果;评估
中图分类号 S858.31 文献标识码 A DOI:10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2021.12.013
Evaluation of Immunity of Chickens to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Danzhou City
RONG Guang1) YE Dan1) PENG Weiqi1) SUN Weiping1) LI Xuezheng1 ,2)
(1 Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, CATAS, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China;
2 Danzhou Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Danzhou, Hainan 571700, China)
Abstract In order to understand the immune effect of chicken inoculated with a bivalent inactivated vaccine for avian influenza H5 and H7 subtypes in Danzhou City, 302 serum samples of chicken were collected from chicken farms (households) in 16 townships of Danzhou City in December, 2020. The hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition tests (HA-HI) were used to detect the immune antibodies of avian influenza H5 and H7 subtypes. The results showed that there were 247 and 215 individuals found positive to avian influenza H5 and H7 subtypes, respectively in 302 chicken serum samples, with the compliance rates being 82% and 71%, respectively, which met the requirements of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs for the level of immune antibodies being upto 70%. The results showed that avian influenza H5 and H7 subtypes bivalent inactivated vaccine has good immune effect and strong protection.
Keywords highly pathogenic avian influenza ; immune effect ; assessment
禽流感( Avian Influenza, AI),又稱为禽流行性感冒,是由 A 型流感病毒( Avian Influ‐enza Virus, AIV)引发多种禽类感染的疾病综合征[1],被世界动物卫生组织( OIE)列为 A类传染病,在我国被列为一类传染病[2-5]。根据对禽类致病性不同,可分为高、低和非致病性3种类型[6]。其中,高致病性禽流感 ( Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, HPAI) H5亚型和 H7亚型,传染性最强,发病率和死亡率最高,造成的疫情,对家禽和人类危害最严重[7]。因此,接种疫苗以及对家禽进行禽流感的检测是预防和控制禽流感发生的有效措施[8-9]。在高致病禽流感 H5和 H7免疫防治过程中,由于场地、母源抗体干扰及操作方法不当等,往往造成免疫保护不够[9-11]。本研究对儋州市16个乡镇的鸡场采集血清,采用血凝( HA)和血凝抑制( HI)试验方法对禽流感 H5、H7亚型免疫抗体进行检测,并对抗体水平进行分析。客观评价儋州市鸡 H5、H7免疫效果,以期对儋州市鸡禽流感抗体水平有一个正确的认识,对海南省无规定动物疫病示范区和自由贸易港建设均具有重要意义。……