邹吉轩 孙妍 宋英 李雨蒙 刘为易 胡晓梅



摘要 目的:评价针刺防治治疗化疗引起急性和延迟性呕吐的临床效果。方法:检索中国期刊全文数据库、中国学术期刊数据库、中文科技期刊数据库、中国生物医学数据库,收集有关针刺治疗化疗引起急性和延迟性呕吐的中文随机对照试验(RCT)和临床对照试验(CCT),检索时间为建库至2020年1月31日,使用软件Rev Man 5.3进行Meta分析。结果:最终纳入20个RCT和CCT,共纳入1 458例。与对照组比较,针刺能显著降低化疗引起急性呕吐(RR=0.71,95%CI为0.60~0.84,Z=3.93,P<0.000 1)、24~48 h延迟性呕吐(RR=0.61,95%CI为0.52~0.72,Z=5.96,P<0.000 01)、48~72 h延迟性呕吐(RR=0.80,95%CI为0.71~0.89,Z=3.86,P=0.000 1)的发生率。与对照组比较,针刺对化疗引起的急性呕吐(RR=1.07,95%CI为1.03~1.11,Z=3.40,P=0.000 7),24~48 h延迟性呕吐(RR=1.12,95%CI为1.07~1.18,Z=4.97,P<0.000 01)以及48~72 h延迟性呕吐(RR=1.09,95%CI为1.03~1.14,Z=3.30,P=0.001)的疗效比较显著。结论:针刺可降低化疗引起急性呕吐和延迟性呕吐的发生率,对化疗引起的急性和延迟性呕吐有较好的治疗作用。
关键词 针刺;化疗;急性;延迟性;呕吐;疗效;Meta分析
Abstract Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture for the prevention of acute and delayed chemotherapy-induced vomiting.Methods:Database search included the Chinese Journal Full-text Database(CJFD),China Academic Journal Database(CSPD),Chinese Sci-tech Journal Database(CCD),China Biomedical Database(CBM),and Chinese information about acupuncture treatment of acute and delayed vomiting caused by chemotherapy were collected.Randomized Controlled Trials(RCT) and Clinical Controlled Trials(CCT) were collected,and the search time was from the establishment of the database to January 31,2020,and the software Rev Man 5.3 was used for meta-analysis.Results:Finally,20 RCTs and CCTs were included,and a total of 1 458 cases were included.The results showed that compared with the control group,acupuncture can significantly reduce chemotherapy-induced acute vomiting(RR=0.71,95%CI 0.60 to 0.84,Z=3.93,P<0.000 1) and 24 to 28 h delayed vomiting(RR=0.61,95%CI 0.52 to 0.72,Z=5.96,P<0.000 01),48 to 72 h delayed vomiting(RR=0.80,95%CI 0.71 to 0.89,Z=3.86,P=0.000 1) incidence rate.Compared with the control group,acupuncture has an effect on acute vomiting caused by chemotherapy(RR=1.07,95%CI 1.03 to 1.11,Z=3.40,P=0.000 7) and 24 to 48 h delayed vomiting(RR=1.12,95%CI was 1.07 to 1.18,Z=4.97,P<0.000 01) and 48 to 72 h delayed vomiting(RR=1.09,95%CI was 1.03 to 1.14,Z=3.30,P=0.001).The curative effect was more significant.Conclusion:Acupuncture could reduce the incidence of chemotherapy-induced acute vomiting and delayed vomiting,and had a good effect on the treatment of chemotherapy-induced delayed vomiting.
Keywords Acupuncture; Chemotherapy; Acute; Delayed; Vomiting; Curative effect; Meta-analysis
中图分类号:R245文獻标识码:Adoi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.18.013
恶性肿瘤现已成为中国城乡居民疾病死因的主要构成之一[1]。恶性肿瘤经过较长时间的上升之后,已经在2016年跃居各种疾病死亡原因之首。肿瘤的医疗费用也在逐年上升,中国肿瘤医院的总收入自2005年以来保持了快速增长,年增长率的均值达到了19%[1]。在恶性肿瘤的诸多治疗方法中,化疗是其中应用较为普遍的方法之一,但化疗药物同时也会杀伤人体正常细胞,损害人体的消化系统、免疫系统等,降低患者的生命质量,影响患者的治疗。
化疗所致恶心呕吐(Chemotherapy Induced Nausea Vomiting,CINV)是化疗过程中最常见的不良反应,发生率为65%~85%[2],是化疗产生的最严重的不良反应之一。化疗药物引起的呕吐作用机制较为复杂,急性CINV是指化疗后24 h内发生的恶心呕吐,延迟性CINV指化疗24 h后发生的恶心呕吐,高发于化疗后24~72 h;急性CINV机制研究较为透彻,但延迟性CINV机制尚不明确,临床疗效较差[3]。
CINV并不能得到很好的控制,在国内CINV的临床实践,止吐指南依从性整体较低[4]。……