碳排放的铁路集装箱多式联运路径优化研究

崔虎

摘 要：在铁路中集装箱运输方式具有重要的发展意义，集装箱多式联运优势较多，能够提高货物的运输效率和效益，提高客户的满意度，而且还有助于降低环境污染，尤其是铁路运输方式的使用，相对于公路而言，能够大幅度降低能源消耗和碳排放量。在我国不断强调和提倡节能环保的理念下，降低铁路运输过程中的碳排放量有助于保护环境。于是文章主要研究考虑碳排放量下铁路集装箱多式联运的路径优化。在建模过程中主要以碳排放成本和运输成本作为目标，使得两者的综合成本最低为最优运输路径。建模完成之后进行算例分析，将考虑碳排放和不考虑碳排放的总成本进行对比，结果表明，文章所研究的模型其碳排放量能够降低40%左右。

关键词：碳排放;集装箱;多式联运;路径优化

中图分类号：U116.2 文献标识码：A     文章编号：1001-5922（2021）10-0193-04

Research on Optimization of Railway Container Multimodal Transportation Path Based on Carbon Emission

Cui Hu

（Shaanxi Railway Institute， Weinan 714000， China）

Abstract：Container transportation in railways has important development significance. Container multimodal transportation has many advantages， which can improve the efficiency and benefit of cargo transportation， increase customer satisfaction， and also help reduce environmental pollution， especially railway transportation. The use of transportation methods can greatly reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions compared to roads. With the continuous emphasis and promotion of energy conservation and environmental protection in our country， reducing carbon emissions during railway transportation will help protect the environment. Therefore， the paper mainly studies the route optimization of railway container multimodal transportation under the consideration of carbon emissions. In the modeling process， carbon emission cost and transportation cost are mainly used as targets， so that the lowest comprehensive cost of the two is the optimal transportation route. After the modeling is completed， a case study will be performed to compare the total cost with and without carbon emissions. The results show that the model studied in this paper can reduce carbon emissions by about 40%.

Key words：carbon emissions; container; multimodal transportation; route optimization

随着我国铁路的不断发展和完善，铁路集装箱多式联运运输发展迅速，因为使用这种方式能够对多种运输方式进行综合运用，能够使得每一种运输方式发挥其优势和作用，较大程度上提高运输经济效益[1-2]。另外，在追求经济化发展的同时，难免会对环境造成较大伤害，温室效应、全球变暖、环境恶化使得人类不得不重视碳排放。各行各业已经向低碳化发展，有数据表明，交通运输行业在温室气体（二氧化碳）排放量上占据总排放量的1/4，所以非常有必要降低交通运输行业的碳排放量[3-4]。使用集装箱多式联运形式进行运输就属于一种绿色、高效的运输方式，而且还有助于降低运输成本，推进铁路货运市场化改革，实行多式联运，对低碳运输具有重要意义[5-8]。……