大豆新品种陇中黄605选育报告

苟作旺 王兴荣 张彦军 李玥 李永生 祁旭升

摘要：陇中黄605是甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所和中国农业科学院作物科学研究所以中品03-5179为母本、中黄30为父本进行杂交，经系谱法选育而成的稳产广适抗病品种。2018 — 2019年参加甘肃省大豆区域试验，2 a平均折合产量3 038.7 kg/hm2，较对照品种陇豆2号增产12.87%。2020年参加全省大豆生产试验，平均折合产量2 958.0 kg/hm2，较对照品种陇豆2号16.04%。该品种丰产稳产，适应性广，抗旱、抗病、抗倒伏能力强。籽粒含粗蛋白405.0 g/kg、粗脂肪208.5 g/kg。多年田间试验未发现花叶病毒病、霜霉病、菌核病的发生，经鉴定抗大豆花叶病毒，中抗大豆灰斑病。适宜在甘肃省中晚熟及晚熟品种类型区种植。

关键词：大豆;选育;栽培技术;陇中黄605

中图分类号：S565.1        文献标志码：A        文章编号：1001-1463（2021）11-0001-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.11.001

Report on Breeding of New Soybean Cultivar Longzhonghuang 605

GOU Zuowang， WANG Xingrong， ZHANG Yanjun， LI Yue， LI Yongsheng， QI Xusheng

（Institute of Crops， Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Lanzhou Gansu 730070， China）

Abstract：Longzhonghuang 605 is new cultivar of soybean with stable yield， good adaptability and disease resistance， which was bred by genealogical method by crossing Zhongpin 03-5179 as female parent and Zhonghuang 30 as male parent by Institutes of Crops，Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Institute of Crop Sciences， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. In 2018 — 2019， the average yield in 2 a was 3 038.7 kg/hm2， 12.87% higher than the control cultivar Longdou 2 in the Gansu Soybean Regional Test. In 2020， the average yield was 2 958.0 kg/hm2， 16.04% higher than the control in the Gansu Soybean Production Test. The cultivar has high-yield and stable-yield， wide adaptability， drought resistance， disease resistance and lodging resistance. The content of crude protein was 405.0 g/kg and crude fat was 208.5 g/kg. No occurrence of mosaic virus or downy mildew or sclerotinia in field experiment for several years， identified resistance to soybean mosaic virus， moderate resistance to soybean gray spot. It is suitable to be grown in mid-later maturity and later maturity area of Gansu Province.

Key words：Soybean;Breeding;Cultivation techniques;Longzhonghuang 605

大豆是優质植物蛋白和脂肪的主要来源，以提高产量和广适性为目标的大豆育种和创新已成为育种工作者的首要任务[1 - 2 ]。甘肃省大豆主要分布在河西灌区、中部沿黄灌区、陇东旱塬区和陇南地区，主栽品种产量和广适性结合度较低，栽培方式以间套作和复种为主[3 ]。选育适宜甘肃不同生态条件下丰产广适抗病大豆新品种，对增加种植效益，提高农民大豆种植积极性具有重要价 值[4 - 6 ] 。甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所联合中国农业科学院作物科学研究所，依据西北地区生态条件特征，在充分掌握亲本材料特性基础上，聚合各亲本材料的优良性状，经异地多年选育，育成丰产优质抗病广适大豆新品种陇中黄605。……