幼儿园户外自主游戏低结构材料投放的实践思考

张腾

摘 要：近年来，随着经济水平的快速发展，人们的物质生活水平快速提升，于是人们将注意力转移到了教育上，而幼儿教育是孩子一生中的启蒙教育，对于孩子的发展具有十分重要的作用，所以幼儿教育日益受到人们的重视。幼儿教育也不再局限于在室内听教师进行讲解，幼儿园户外自主游戏渐渐受到了家长教师和幼儿们的欢迎。由于幼儿的年龄比较小，对事物的认识程度不高，所以在进行户外自主游戏时通常会使用低结构的游戏材料。低结构的材料相对于高结构的材料来说更加简单，更加容易控制，正好适应了幼儿心智不成熟对周围的一切都充满好奇的心理特点，能够很好地让幼儿在户外自主游戏中感受到游戏的快乐。低结构材料的可操作性也更能引发幼儿的思考，从而促进幼儿的智力发展和健康快乐成长。

关键词：幼儿园;户外自主游戏;低结构材料;投放;实践思考

【中图分类号】G614 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1005-8877 （2021）31 -0053-02

【Abstract】In recent years，with the rapid development of the economic level，the rapid improvement of people's material living standards，so people will pay attention to the education，and early childhood education is the child's life of the enlightenment education，for the development of children has a very important role，so early childhood education increasingly by people's attention. Early childhood education is no longer limited to listening to teachers' explanations indoors. Outdoor independent games in kindergartens have gradually been welcomed by parents，teachers and children. Because children are relatively young and do not have a high understanding of things，they usually use low-structure game materials when playing outdoor independent games. Compared with high-structure materials，low-structure materials are simpler and easier to control，which just adapt to the psychological characteristics of young children who are immature and curious about everything around them，and it can make children feel the joy of games in outdoor autonomous games. The operability of low-structure materials can also arouse children's thinking，thereby promoting children's intellectual development and healthy and happy growth.

【Keywords】Kindergarten;Outdoor independent games;Low structure material;Delivery;Practice thinking

1.幼兒园户外自主游戏中投放低结构材料的原因

（1）低结构材料符合幼儿发展的需求

随着各方面对于幼儿发展的重视度越来越高，于是开始探寻幼儿进行户外自主游戏所需要的材料的特征，通过多方面的研究，发现低结构的材料非常符合幼儿发展的需求。低结构材料的使用符合教师将要进行的教育目标，对于幼儿来说教师进行教育时都是以游戏为主，辅以简单的知识和道理，低结构的材料正好也是简单容易上手的材料，能够与幼儿教师的教育相辅相成。……