吕梁紫金山地区NDVI时空变化与气候响应

黄杉杉 马超

摘 要：基于2000—2018年MODIS-NDVI數据（NDVI为归一化植被指数）、SRTM DEM数据和气象数据，利用趋势分析、偏差分析和相关性分析方法，在时间和空间尺度上，定量分析了紫金山地区NDVI的时空变化规律以及与气候因子的响应关系，结果表明：2000—2018年，紫金山地区NDVI增长速率为0.015/a（显著性水平p<0.01）;紫金山地区NDVI得到显著改善，其时间变化规律大体是，前9 a完成了由低覆盖度向中等覆盖度的转化，后10 a完成了由中等覆盖度向高覆盖度转化，19 a区域NDVI显著改善面积达64.85%;研究区气候呈暖湿化倾向，19 a气温增长率为0.04 ℃/a，降水量增长率为14.63 mm/a;年NDVI均值与年降水量呈非常显著正相关关系（相关系数r=0.734，显著性水平p<0.01），76.61%的区域NDVI与年降水量呈极高显著正相关关系，与年均气温相关性不显著;自2000年以来，紫金山地区NDVI整体向好的趋势发展，中低海拔山区增长显著，降水是影响该地区NDVI变化的主要因素。

关键词：紫金山地区;归一化植被指数;时空变化;气候变化;相关性

中图分类号：X321;P237   文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2021.12.007

引用格式：黄杉杉，马超.吕梁紫金山地区NDVI时空变化与气候响应[J].人民黄河，2021，43（12）：35-40.

Abstract： Based on MODIS-NDVI data， SRTM DEM data and China meteorological data from 2000 to 2018 and using the methods of trend analysis， deviation analysis and correlation analysis， it quantitatively analyzed the spatial-temporal changes and the response relationship with climate factors of the NDVI in the Zijin Mountain area on spatial and temporal scales. the results show that a） from 2000 to 2018， the annual average growth rate is 0.015/a （significance test p<0.01）; b） the degree of the land desertification in the Zijin Mountain area has been improved significantly. The rules of land cover change are generally that the conversion of desertification land to arid grassland is completed in the first 9 years and the conversion of arid grassland to shrub land is completed in the later 10 years. The area of NDVI has been significantly improved by 64.85% in 19 years; c） the climate shows a tendency to warm and humidify， with the temperature increase rate of 0.04 ℃/a and the precipitation growth rate of 14.63 mm/a in 19 years; d） the annual average NDVI is significantly positively correlation with the annual precipitation （correlation coefficient r=0.734， passed the significance test p<0.01）， and 76.61% of the area has a significant positive correlation with the precipitation， which is not significantly correlated with the annual average temperature. Since 2000， the NDVI of vegetation in the Zijin Mountain area has generally been developed towards a good trend and the growth trend of NDVI in low-mid altitude mountain areas is particularly significant. Climate is the main factor affecting the change of NDVI in this area.

Key words： Zijin Mountain area; normalized difference vegetation index; spatial-temporal change; climate change; correlation

2015年联合国发展峰会通过了《改变我们的世界：2030年可持续发展议程》（简称《2030议程》），将应对气候变化与保护陆地生态系统列入全球17项可持续发展目标[1]。通过遥感技术获得的归一化植被指数（NDVI）作为一种监测区域植被生长状况的有效量化指标[2]，是表征陆地生态系统结构和功能稳定性的重要指示器[3]。黄土高原位于半湿润与干旱半干旱过渡带，土地荒漠化和生态环境脆弱是该地区的典型特征[4]。……