程小林 祝飞 熊清云 胡文秀 刘宗发 崔潞燕




摘要 在虾稻田开展早稻、中稻、晚稻不同类型的13个水稻品种随机区组直播试验,结合虾稻连作最大养殖期、当地水稻安全齐穗期、优质米品牌市场开发,比较分析各品种产量、直播生育进程、特征特性,提出了要实现虾稻连作模式效益最大化的优质稻优选品种和不同类型品种直播播期,为虾稻连作模式中应用水稻直播技术提供参考。
关键词 水稻;虾稻连作;直播;品种
中图分类号 S 511 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)23-0032-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.23.009
Discussion on the Application of Direct-seeding Rice Varieties Suitable for Shrimp-rice Continuous Cropping Mode
CHENG Xiao-lin,ZHU Fei,XIONG Qing-yun et al (Nanchang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330038)
Abstract The random block direct seeding experiment of 13 rice varieties with different types of early rice,middle rice and late rice was carried out in shrimp paddy field.Combined with the maximum breeding period of shrimp and rice continuous cropping,the safe full heading period of local rice and the development of high-quality rice brand market,the yield,growth process and characteristics of each variety were compared and analyzed.The optimized varieties of high-quality rice and the direct seeding period of different types of rice were put forward to maximize the benefits of shrimp and rice continuous cropping mode,aiming to provide reference for the application of rice direct seeding technology in shrimp and rice continuous cropping mode.
Key words Rice;Continuous cropping of shrimp and rice;Live broadcast;Variety
基金項目 江西现代农业科研协同创新专项经费资助项目(JXXTCX2015003-004);江西稻渔综合种养体系赣中试验站、南昌市财政支农专项。
作者简介 程小林(1972—),男,江西新建人,农艺师,从事作物栽培与农技推广工作。通信作者,高级农艺师,从事作物栽培及农技推广工作。
收稿日期 2021-03-18
虾稻连作种养模式收获 1 季稻 1 季虾[1],为稻田养殖主要模式。虾稻连作种养模式具有节约肥料和农药、抑制草害重发、改善稻田内土壤肥力等多种优点,经济效益非常明显[2~6]。近年来,虾稻连作种养模式应用面积快速扩展,2020年中国小龙虾产业发展报告显示,2019年全国小龙虾养殖面积达128.6万hm2,其中稻田养殖面积105.7万hm2,养殖面积前5名的省份依次为湖北52.7万hm2、安徽26.5万hm2、湖南20.0万hm2、江苏14.1万hm2、江西10.1万hm2[7]。
水稻生产效益是虾稻连作模式效益的重要组成部分。在当前虾稻连作模式应用面积大、小龙虾集中供应、虾价低位的情况下,虾稻连作模式应用户重水产、轻稻作,整体效益难以提升。……