长株潭城市群生态绿心地区生态保护补偿机制探究

王红 刘震宇

摘要 以长株潭城市群生态绿心地区跳马镇为例，调查跳马镇生态环境保护现状，分析跳马镇在绿心总规空间管制分区的土地利用现状及规划情况，提出跳马镇实施生态保护补偿机制的具体举措，并基于地租理论和农地发展权理论，提出政府应以多渠道对实施绿心保护的权利主体给予合理补偿。建议在绿心地区建立市场化、多元化生态保护补偿机制，逐步将生态优势转化为发展优势，构建产业生态化、生态产业化为主体的经济生态体系，贯彻落实湖南省自然资源资产产权制度改革的要求，促进绿心地区生态保护与生态产业发展双提升。

关键词 绿色原则;生态保护补偿;绿心地区;生态经济体系

中图分类号 X 321  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）23-0088-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.23.024

Study on Compensation Mechanism of Ecological Protection in Ecological Green Center Area of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration—Taking Tiaoma Town for Example

WANG Hong，LIU Zhen-yu

（Changsha Yongxin Land Planning Consulting Co.， Ltd.，Changsha，Hunan 410007）

Abstract Taking Tiaoma Town in the ecological green heart area of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration as an example， this paper investigates the current situation of ecological environment protection in Tiaoma Town， analyzes the land use status and planning of Tiaoma Town in the general spatial control zoning of green heart， and puts forward specific measures for the implementation of ecological protection compensation mechanism in Tiaoma Town. Based on the theory of land rent and the theory of agricultural land development right， it is proposed that the government should give reasonable compensation to the subject of right to implement green heart protection through multiple channels.It is suggested to establish a market-oriented and diversified ecological protection compensation mechanism in the green heart region， gradually transform ecological advantages into development advantages， build an economic and ecological system with industrial ecology and ecological industrialization as the main body， implement the requirements of the reform of the property rights system of natural resources assets in Hunan Province， and promote the ecological protection and ecological industry development in the green heart region.

Key words Green principle;Ecological protection compensation;Green heart area;Ecological economic system

作者簡介 王红（1983—），女，湖南益阳人，中级工程师，硕士，从事土地节约集约利用、国土空间规划研究。

收稿日期 2021-03-10

《关于统筹推进自然资源资产产权制度改革的指导意见》指出，要积极预防、及时制止破坏自然资源资产行为，强化自然资源资产损害赔偿责任。地方政府要因地制宜，积极探索以政府为主导，企业和社会参与的模式，建立市场化运作、可持续的生态保护补偿机制，对自愿保护自然资源资产的权利主体给予合理补偿[1-3]。实施生态保护补偿是保护好生态环境的重要手段，是生态文明制度建设的重要内容[4]，是助推自然资源资产产权制度改革的重要举措。从各地生态保护补偿制度实施成效来看，我国生态保护补偿的范围偏小、标准偏低，保护者和受益者积极性不高，一定程度上影响了生态环境保护制度行动计划[5-6]。……