董聿森 王涛




摘要 近自然人工湿地常被视为一种生活污水深度处理的系统,但其本质仍应是一个与区域生态系统高度融合、协调的湿地生态系统。从人工湿地水文条件、污染物迁移转化规律、植被群落选择方式和与区域生态系统相容性方面对近自然人工湿地污水深度处理系统构建模式进行探讨,并对未来的研究发展方向提出展望,以期为人工湿地的构建使用提供理论依据和技术支撑。
关键词 近自然人工湿地;农村生活污水;深度处理系统;构建模式
中图分类号 X 522 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)23-0106-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.23.028
Construction Model of Deep Treatment System of Rural Domestic Sewage Near-Natural Constructed Wetlands
DONG Yu-sen, WANG Tao
(Beijing Institute of Aerospace Test Technology, Beijing 100074)
Abstract The near-natural constructed wetland are often regarded as a system for the deep treatment of domestic sewage, but its essence should still be a wetland ecosystem that is highly integrated and coordinated with regional ecosystems. This paper discussed the construction model of the near-natural constructed wetland sewage depth treatment system from the aspects of hydrological conditions of the constructed wetland, pollutant migration and transformation law, vegetation community selection mode and compatibility with regional ecosystems, and put forward prospects for the future research and development direction in order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for the construction and use of constructed wetlands.
Key words Near-natural constructed wetland;Rural domestic sewage;Deep treatment system;Construction model
作者简介 董聿森(1993—),男,黑龙江黑河人,工程师,硕士,从事环境工程研究。
收稿日期 2021-03-12
农村生活污水有着水量大、难集中、易污染生活给水等特点,近年来备受环境管理部门和有关研究者的关注。目前国内外针对农村生活污水的特质有着多种多样的处理方式与技术,从工艺原理的角度分析,主要可以分成生物处理系统和生态处理系统两大类。生物处理系统多表现为集成厌氧生物处理、好氧生物处理和MBR工艺等的一体化设备,有着较高的集成度、较低的运行维护门槛,并在有着可靠的污水收集系统时可覆盖较大的受纳范围[1]。生态处理系统主要表现为人工生态湿地工艺,通过人为编织生态湿地承载物质循环与能量流动的食物鏈、食物网,对生活污水进行三级深度处理,同时为区域提供景观、水资源、空气资源、动物栖息地、下垫面承托、保持水土等生态功能服务[2]。……