孙家贤 秦友存 颉江 韩永望 覃川杰



摘要 采用常规营养分析方法測定凹尾拟鲿肌肉中氨基酸和脂肪酸的百分含量,并评价其营养价值。结果表明,凹尾拟鲿的肌肉中含有16种氨基酸,氨基酸总量为73.67%,其中7种必需氨基酸总含量为30.40%,6种鲜味氨基酸含量为3.39%;必需氨基酸指数为73.48。凹尾拟鲿的第一限制性氨基酸是甲硫氨酸。此外,肌肉中含有25种脂肪酸,包括11种多不饱和脂肪酸,其总含量为23.77%。C22:6为4.41%,高于黄颡鱼。凹尾拟鲿肌肉中氨基酸种类齐全、必需氨基酸与鲜味氨基酸含量较高,是营养价值与经济价值都较高的优质鱼类。
关键词 凹尾拟鲿;肌肉;营养成分;氨基酸;脂肪酸
中图分类号 TS 254 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)23-0203-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.23.057
Evaluation of Muscle Nutritional Quality of Pseudobagrus emarginatus
SUN Jia-xian1, QIN You-cun2,3,XIE Jiang2,3 et al
(1.Tongwei Co., Ltd., Chengdu,Sichuan 610095;2. Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang,Sichuan 641100;3. College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang,Sichuan 641100)
Abstract The conventional nutritional analysis method was used to determine the content of amino acids and fatty acids in the muscles of Pseudobagrus emarginatus, and to evaluate its nutritional value.The result showed that there were 16 kinds of amino acids in the muscles of Pseudobagrus emarginatus, and the total amount of amino acids was 73.67%, of which the total content of 7 essential amino acids was 30.40%, the content of 6 kinds of delicious amino acids was 3.39%, and the essential amino acid index(EAAI) was 73.48.The first limited amino acid of the species was methionine. In addition, muscle contained 25 fatty acids, including 11 polyunsaturated fatty acids, with a total content of 23.77%. C22:6 was 4.41%, which was higher than that of yellow catfish.There were a wide range of amino acids, essential amino acids and umami-flavored amino acids in the muscle of Pseudobagrus emarginatus. It was a high-quality fish with high nutritional value and economic value.
Key words Pseudobagrus emarginatus;Muscles;Nutritional composition;Aamino acids;Fatty acids
基金项目 四川省科技厅项目(2016NYZ0024)。
作者简介 孙家贤(1986—),男,河南商丘人,高级工程师,硕士,从事水生动物繁育研究。通信作者,教授,硕士生导师,从事水产养殖研究。
收稿日期 2020-10-15
凹尾拟鲿隶属鲇形目、鲿科、拟鲿属,其个体较小,最大约200 mm。凹尾拟鲿生活于江河的底层,是一种杂食性鱼类 [1]。凹尾拟鲿仅在长江、金沙江、岷江、金沙江、嘉陵江、青衣江、大渡河、沱江等水系中有少量分布,俗称针黄、牛尾巴,是我国特有珍稀鱼类之一。
目前,有关凹尾拟鲿的研究主要集中在年龄结构、生长特征、形态特征、染色体核型分析和渔业资源调查等方面[1-5]。程建丽等[1]描述了凹尾拟鲿的形态特征;杨志等[2]记录了2014年1—12月在黑水河下游干支流江凹尾拟鲿的资源分布情况。尹邦一等[6]评价了长脂拟鲿含肉率及肉质营养;尹洪滨等[7]测定了乌苏里拟鲿的营养成分。……