不同规格平贝母化学成分比较研究

2021-12-18 16:40:01赵倩李波关瑜孔玲孟祥才
安徽农业科学 2021年23期

赵倩 李波 关瑜 孔玲 孟祥才

摘要 [目的]以总生物碱、4种代表性生物碱作为评价指标,评价4种规格平贝母的质量。[方法]采用紫外分光光度法测定总生物碱、总多糖含量;采用HPLC-ELSD法测定单体生物碱含量。[结果]最小粒(6.5 mm)平贝母中总生物碱、贝母辛、西贝母碱、贝母素甲、贝母素乙含量分别为2.54 mg/g、92.73 μg/g、67.09 μg/g、87.58 μg/g、82.81 μg/g,大、中、小粒平贝母(11~19 mm)中总生物碱、贝母辛、西贝母碱、贝母素甲、贝母素乙含量分别为2.17~2.51 mg/g、12.45~49.31 μg/g、29.50~35.13 μg/g、35.02~94.69 μg/g、18.02~84.20 μg/g。最小粒平贝母中单体生物碱、总生物碱含量显著高于大、中粒平贝母中的含量,但总多糖含量显著低于大、中、小粒平贝母。大、中、小粒平贝母中各种成分含量差异不大。[结论]直径6.5 mm左右的最小粒平贝母质量最佳,直径11~19 mm大小的平贝母质量无差异,质量与大小并不呈现完全的相关。

关键词 平贝母;总生物碱;主要生物碱;总多糖

中图分类号 R 284  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611(2021)23-0206-03

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.23.058

Comparative Study on the Chemical Composition of Fritillaria ussuriensis with Different Specifications

ZHAO Qian,LI Bo,GUAN Yu et al

(Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin,Heilongjiang 150040)

Abstract [Objective] Using total alkaloids and 4 representative alkaloids as evaluation indicators to evaluate the quality of four specifications of Fritillaria ussuriensis. [Method]The total alkaloid and total polysaccharide content were measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometry;the monomer alkaloid content was measured by the HPLC-ELSD method. [Result]The contents of total alkaloid, peimisine,imperialine,peimine and peiminine in the smallest (6.5 mm) Fritillaria ussuriensis were:2.54 mg/g,92.73μg/g,67.09 μg/g,87.58 μg/g,82.81μg/g,the contents of total alkaloid, peimisine,imperialine,peimine and peiminine in large, medium and small (11-19 mm) Fritillaria ussuriensis were 2.17-2.51 mg/g,12.45-49.31 μg/g, 29.50-35.13 μg/g, 35.02-94.69 μg/g, 18.02-84.20 μg/g.The various monomer alkaloids and total alkaloid content of the smallest Fritillaria ussuriensis were significantly higher than those of the large and medium one,the total polysaccharide content was significantly lower than that of others. There was little difference in the content of various components between the large, medium and small Fritillaria ussuriensis. [Conclusion]The smallest Fritillaria ussuriensis with a diameter of about 6.5 mm has the best quality. There is no difference in the quality of Fritillaria ussuriensis with a diameter of 11-19 mm, and there is no complete correlation between quality and size.

Key words Fritillaria ussuriensis;Total alkaloids;Major alkaloids;Total polysaccharides

基金項目 2018年中医药公共卫生服务补助专项“全国中药资源普查项目”(财社〔2018〕43号);黑龙江中医药大学校基金面上项目(201808)。

作者简介 赵倩(1995—),女,山东烟台人,硕士研究生,研究方向:药用植物资源。

通信作者,教授,博士,博士生导师,从事药用植物资源研究。

收稿日期 2021-03-31

平貝母为百合科植物平贝母(Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim.)的干燥鳞茎,主要含有生物碱类、多糖类等成分,具有镇咳化痰、润肺平喘、清热散结、抗炎、降压、抗氧化、抗溃疡、抗血小板凝集等药理作用[1]。《中华人民共和国药典》2010年版开始收录,现已成为东北的道地药材。研究证明总生物碱是平贝母的主要活性成分。异甾体生物碱是生物碱中最主要有效成分,代表成分为贝母辛、西贝母碱、贝母素甲、贝母素乙等[2]。……

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